ROAD TO REVOLUTION

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ROAD TO REVOLUTION
Causes of the American Revolutionary War
By Lisa Campisi
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LESSON OBJECTIVES

• To identify the main causes of the American
  Revolutionary War
• To understand the economic relationship between
  the colonists and Britain
• To comprehend the cause effect relationship of
  Britains tax policies concerning the colonies

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LESSON OVERVIEW

• VOCABULARY REVIEW
• COLONIAL MAP
• CAUSES 4 MAJOR CATEGORIES
• Aftermath of French Indian War
• Issue of land settlement
• Laws
• Taxation Trade

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REVOLUTIONARY VOCABULARY

• Boycott refusing to buy or use products as a
  form of protest
• Customs Officials those in charge of inspecting
  goods entering a country
• Export - to sell products to other countries
• Import to buy products from other countries
• Monopoly complete control of the sale of a
  product
• Proclamation an official declaration
• Quartering forcing families to house and feed
  soldiers
• Repeal to take back
• Representation having a voice in what is to be
  done
• Taxes money paid to government

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Aftermath of French Indian War 1754-1763

• French Indian War, an extension of the Seven
  Years War, was fought between France and Great
  Britain on the American continent from 1754-1763
• Colonists fought on the side of the British
  they wanted to settle the Ohio River Valley saw
  the French as an impediment
• Britain colonists won the war colonists had
  sense of pride with victory no longer needed
  British protection from the French
• Colonists felt they would now be free to settle
  the Ohio River Valley

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Aftermath of French Indian War Issue of Land
Settlement

• Colonists were angered Britain issued the
  Proclamation of 1763
• Forbade colonial settlement west of Appalachian
  Mts.
• King George of Britain gave these lands to Native
  Americans
• Colonial settlers who already lived west of
  Appalachians were forced to move back east.

APPALACHIAN MTNS
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Colonial America - 1754
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LAWS

• Laws were made in England by British Parliament
  for colonists
• Colonists were not allowed to represent their
  ideas or views
• Colonists wanted to make their own laws

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TAXES TRADE

• French Indian War left Britain with enormous
  war debt
• British believed debt incurred while defending
  colonies against the French
• Britain wanted colonists to pay for war debt by
  imposing taxes

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Sugar Act

• 1764
• Britain taxed sugar, coffee wine to raise
  revenue
• British custom officials sent to America to force
  colonists to pay taxes
• Sons of Liberty, a secret group of colonists
  opposed to British taxes, organized boycott sugar
• Colonists argued they shouldnt have to pay
  because they had no say in Parliament to voice
  their view
• No taxation without representation became a
  battle cry for the revolt against British taxes

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Stamp Act

• 1765
• British were furious over the sugar boycott, so
  Parliament passed the Stamp Act
• Stamps had to be bought by colonists and placed
  on newspapers, books, playing cards licenses
• Sons of Liberty once again organized a boycott of
  taxed materials and the Stamp Act was repealed

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Quartering Act

• 1765
• British Parliament forced colonists to house and
  feed British soldiers stationed in their
  communities

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The Declaratory Act

• British were determined to raise taxes assert
  authority over the colonists
• Declaratory Act was passed by King Georgess
  government in 1767
• Stated that Great Britain had the right to make
  laws for colonists without question

Britains King George III Family
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Townshend Acts

• 1767 / followed passing of Declaratory Act
• Taxed paper, paint, lead, glass, but most of all
  tea which was the drink of choice for British
  Americans
• Colonists immediately began to boycott these
  goods
• British merchants complained because they lost
  business
• British warships arrived in Boston Harbor
  carrying troops to support British tax collectors

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Boston Massacre

• Boston was the center for resistance to British
  taxes authority
• Boston was home to many of the Sons of Liberty
• 1770, British custom officials in Boston were
  harassed by members of the Sons of Liberty
  other local citizens
• British reinforcements arrived a full skirmish
  broke out
• British soldiers fired on the mob 5 American
  rioters were killed
• This event called Boston Massacre great
  public anger toward the British

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Boston Tea Party

• May 1773, British government granted a monopoly
  over the sale of tea to Britains East India
  Company
• This put all American tea sellers out of business
• King George III had ordered British tea shipments
  in Boston harbor to be unloaded by British
  soldiers
• December 16, 1773, the Sons of Liberty some
  local citizens dressed up as Mohawk Indians,
  boarded the British ship dumped all 342 cases
  of tea into Boston Harbor

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Intolerable Acts

• British authorities were furious over the Boston
  Tea Party passed a series of laws to punish
  city of Boston
• Colonists came to name the laws Intolerable
  Acts
• Banned town meetings in Boston
• Closed port of Boston until tea was paid for /
  threatened city with starvation because much of
  food supply came by ship
• Stationed more troops in Boston, forcing citizens
  to house feed them

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First Continental Congress

• People throughout the colonies supported Boston
  by sending food supplies
• 1774 representatives from 12 colonies met in
  Philadelphia to protest the Intolerable Acts
• This First Continental Congress passed a
  declaration of colonists rights
• Pledged to boycott British goods
• Avoided selling their products to Britain
• Colonists wrote letter of grievance to the
  British king he refused to read it

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Preparing for War

• People throughout the colonies began to
  accumulate guns ammunition
• Militias groups of citizen soldiers were
  organized ready to fight in an emergency
  called minutemen because they were ready to fight
  in a minutes notice
• The country was ready for war

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Summation

• Proclamation of 1763
• Sugar Act 1764
• Stamp Act 1765
• Quartering Act 1765
• Declaratory Act 1767
• Townshend Acts 1767
• Boston Massacre
• Boston Tea Party
• Intolerable Acts
• First Continental Congress

Specific Events
General Themes

• Aftermath of French Indian War
• Land Settlement
• Laws / Representation
• Taxes Trade

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