CHAPTER 7 BALANCING NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM

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CHAPTER 7BALANCING NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM
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Industrial Revolution

• Roots in England
• New England Industrializes
• Agricultural South
• Cotton is king
• Regional differences grow

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Eli Whitney

• Inventor
• Interchangeable Parts
• Cotton gin
• Father of Mass Production

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New England Industrializes

• Power machines and textile mills

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OHIO RIVER VALLEYFARMS

• Dont require much labor.
• Major product corn

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SOUTHERN FARMS

• Grew cotton
• Labor intensive
• Large labor force
• Cotton gin entrenches slavery.

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HENRY CLAYS AMERICAN SYSTEM

• Internal improvements transportation.
• Establishing protective tariff
• Resurrect national bank

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TARIFF OF 1816

• Cheaper foreign goods (iron textiles)
• Tariff eliminated price advantage.
• Well received in North
• Hated in the South and West

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INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
ERIE CANAL
BANK OF U.S.
NATIONAL ROAD
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SUPREME COURT BOOSTS POWER

• Fletcher v Peck (1810)
• McCullough v Maryland (1819) Bank of U.S. is
  constitutional.
• Gibbons v Ogden (1819) Govt. has authority over
  interstate commerce.
• Dartmouth College v Woodward (1819)

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NATIONALISM SHAPES FOREIGN POLICY

• Rush-Bagot Treaty
• Treaty of Ghent
• Transcontinental Treaty
• Adams-Onis Treaty
• Florida Cession

This led to
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MANIFEST DESTINY
MANIFEST DESTINY
From sea to shining sea
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MONROE DOCTRINE

• Aimed at European nations.
• Hands off the Western Hemisphere.

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MISSOURI COMPROMISE

• 10 free and 10 slave states until 1818.
• Issues in Congress make Missouri crucial to the
  balance.
• Maine admitted as a free state, Missouri as a
  slave state.
• Dividing line 36o 30 north latitude.
• We have the wolf by the ears and we can neither
  hold him, nor let him go. Thomas Jefferson

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ANDREW JACKSON

• Won 1828 election.
• Appealed to common man.
• Spoils system
• Indian Removal Act (1830)

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INDIAN REMOVAL ACT (1830)

• Settlers want land
• Five civilized tribes
• Jacksons thoughts
• Assimilation wont work.
• Provided for policy.
• Solution Move Indians west.

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TRAIL OF TEARS
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NULLIFICATION THEORY

• Tariff of Abominations North getting rich at
  Souths expense.
• Questioned federal laws on sovereign states.
• If the Constitution had been established by 13
  sovereign states, then each had the right to
  nullify a federal law it considered
  unconstitutional.

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South Carolina Rebels

• 1832 SC rejects another tariff.
• Threatened to secede
• Jackson felt this flouted will of people.
• Federal troops marched to enforce law.
• Eventually, a solution was found.
• States rights major cause of Civil War.

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Jackson Attacks National Bank

• Didnt trust banks - committed fraud -
  caused panic of 1819
• Pet banks (state banks) -loyal to Democratic
  Party
• Bank of U.S. up for renewal - ruled
  unconstitutional
• Panic of 1837 set into motion

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KING ANDREW THE FIRST

• What does this cartoon suggest about Jacksons
  attitude towards the Constitution?
• How does this cartoon specifically comment on
  Jacksons use of presidential power?

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Van Buren vs. Jacksons Legacy

• Panic of 1837 -bank closings and collapse of
  credit system -100s of banks close and credit
  system collapsed -1/3 of population out of work
• Despite his efforts, the situation worsened. Van
  Buren out after one term. Legacy wins.

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HARRISON AND TYLER

• Wm. H. Harrison wins 1840 election and soon
  dies - V.P John Tyler succeeds Harrison
• On ballot to gain Southern votes, Tyler opposed
  many parts of the Whig program for economic
  recovery.
• Proved to be a HUGE mistake.
• His Accidency 1841-45

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