Medieval European Life Age of Faith

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Medieval European LifeAge of Faith
http//eawc.evansville.edu/chronology/mepage.htm
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Byzantine Empire
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Byzantine Empire

• Creation- Roman Empire of the East
• Began when Constantine moved Capitol of Rome to
  Byzantium (Constantinople)

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Byzantine Empire

• Expansion of empire led by Justinian 527-565 C.E.
  Basil II in 976 C.E.
• Led to the fall of the Roman Empire as Byzantines
  took control of Roman lands

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Decline of Byzantine Empire

• Decline began in 1000-1400 C.E.
• Constantly invaded by enemies
• Muslim Turks invaded in 1071 (which began the
  Crusades)
• Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople in 1453 C.E.

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Byzantine Legacy
http//www.crystalinks.com/byzantine.html

• Preserved Greek Roman culture
• Followed Roman Law, creating Justinian Code
• Spread Christianity to Russia, Bulgaria, Bosnia
• Missionaries taught people how to read write

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Charlemagne

• Warrior king
• Controlled Western Europe by 800 C.E.
• His goal was to spread Christianity
• Crowned Holy Roman Emperor
• His empire was most orderly unified
• Built monuments, museums, theaters, a forum

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Charlemagne
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European Government

• New forms of Government arise including feudalism
• Limited Government- government is limited to the
  will of the people
• Magna Carta- English document signed by King John
  in 1215 C.E.

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Feudal System

• Feudalism is a system of government way of life
• Fiefdoms- vassals given land, expected to be
  loyal to landowner pay taxes, landowner
  protects fiefs from invaders
• Nobles (kings lords) clergy peasants
  (farmers, builders, craftsmen) aka serfs.

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Magna Carta
http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/mcarta.html

• King must obey laws
• King can not limit the freedom of the church
• King can not tax land without meeting with the
  Great Council (landowners)
• King can not put people in jail without a trial
• Said people have rights

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Roman Catholic Church

• Monasteries- places where monks lived
• Monks built schools churches, built libraries,
  created illustrated manuscripts, fed the poor
• Education- taught people to read write, do
  simple math
• Arts- created illustrated manuscripts Bibles

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Crusades

• Began after Muslims invade Constantinople
• A series of 7 religious wars from 1095-1291 C.E.
• Christians wanted the Holy Lands (where Jesus was
  born ) to protect them from Muslims
• Introduced Muslim Ideas Products

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First Crusade 1095-1099

• Took 2 years to reach Turkey, where Europeans
  defeated Turkish Army, despite being outnumbered.
  They later captured Jerusalem.
• Europeans set up small kingdoms of Edessa,
  Antioch, Tripoli, around Jerusalem.

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Second Crusade 1147-1149

• Turkish army recaptured Edessa
• King Louis VII of France Eleanor of Aquitaine
  (later married King Henry II of England- became
  mother of Richard I (Lion-Hearted)
• Eleanor challenged Church husbands for equality

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Third Crusade 1189-1192Crusade of Kings

• Jerusalem captured by Muslims
• Crusade led by Frederick I (Germany), Phillip II
  (France), and Richard I (England.)
• Peace treaty signed by Richard I Muslim leader,
  Salading ( agreed to make peace for 5 years)

http//www.mrdowling.com/606islam.html
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Muslim Ideas

• Teachings of Muhammad
• Five Pillars of Faith

http//islam.about.com/blintroc.htm
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Muslim Products

• Universities, libraries, schools
• Use of zero Arabic numerals
• Algebra Geometry
• Chemical medicines
• Performed surgery
• Wrote medical textbooks
• Astronomy Records

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Black Plague

• What is it?
• What is its impact?
• End of feudal system

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Black Death Begins

• Brought to Europe in 1347, by an Italian ship
• 1 in 3 people died
• Caused by a germ that was from the fleas on rats
  (Cats could have controlled the rat population,
  but cats were thought of as agents of the devil
  were slaughtered)

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Impact of Black Death/Plague

• Population decreases
• People isolate themselves, learn about
  cleanliness spread of germs
• People move away from populated areas back to
  secluded farms
• Ends feudal system (see website)
• http//www.insecta-inspecta.com/fleas/bdeath/bdeat
  h.html

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Joan of Arc
http//archive.joan-of-arc.org/
French girl who led major battles during the
Hundred Years War, after convincing Charles VII
to build her an army Burned at the stake for
heresy witchcraft
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Marco Polo

• Traveled East to the Orient
• Became a servant in the house of Kublai Khan
• Brought back spices, pasta, fireworks, and more.

http//www.silk-road.com/artl/marcopolo.shtml
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Age of Faith v Renaissance

• Group
• Survival self-awareness
• Simple lifestyle (survival)

• Celebrated the Individual
• Ideas of Ancient Greece Rome reappear
• People enjoy worldly pleasures (learning, art
  music)

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Renaissance

• Scientific Revolution
• Industrial Revolution
• Enlightenment ( Revolution of Ideas)
• Cultural Revolution
• Political Revolutions
• Democratic Revolutions