Kuby Immunology 6/e

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Cells of the Immune System
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Lymphocytes (derived from lymphoid progenitor)
Large, granular
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Mononuclear Phagocytes
Granulocytes Neutrophils Phagocytes First
to arrive at problem Eosinophils Phagocytes
Defense against parasites? Basophils
Nonphagocytic Allergies ?
Dendritic cells Diverse functions
Antigen capture Antigen presentation
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B cell differentiation after Ag encounter
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Characterized by highly packed chromatin
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Note large amounts of ER Why??
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mononuclear phagocyte develops into macrophage
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Macrophage
Also Fc receptors bind circulating ab-ag
complexes further activation. This process is
called opsinization
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Also a phagocyte may help against parasites
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Involved in allergic responses
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Diagram of a x-section of the thymus
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Lymphatic system
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Structure of a Lymph Node
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Spleen
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Intestinal mucous membrane x-section
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endocytosis
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Evolution of lymphoid tissues
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3.7 x 1011 cells produced/day!
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Programmed cell death
Injury
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Clonal expansion
B cell differentiation after Ag encounter
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Evolution of lymphoid tissues
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bacteria
Monocyte
Macrophage
Pseudopodidia
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Inflammatory Response
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Recognize peptidoglycan fragments NOD
Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain
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Toll-like receptors Originally indentified in
Drosophila Binds to LPS Identified in mice by
Bruce Beutler
Similar to domain on the IL-1 receptor
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In neutrophils and macrophages
These act as antimicrobials
Inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS)
Induced by receptors suchas TLRs or exposure to
cytokines by phagocytes L-arg O2 NADPH ?
NO L-citrulline NADP
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Signal Transduction