Mismatch Repair PowerPoint PPT Presentations

DNA Mutation And Repair Base Mismatch Repair DNA polymerase proofreads itself, but makes an error every approx. 10,000-100,000 nucleotides (104 105) After repair ...

Repair of replication errors by the MisMatch Repair System: Marking newly synthesized DNA in E. coli * GATC normally methylated on the A CTAG * Newly synthesized ...

Role of MMR in meiosis. MMR and oxidative DNA damage/alkylation damage and drug tolerance ... AND MSH5 involved in meiosis (crossing over. during meiotic ...

DNA Repair Nucleotide Excision Repair XP and CS ... * Nucleotide Excision Repair or NER is a mechanism that can repair this damage. It separates into two pathways.

MutL helps to recruit MutH, which recognizes and cleaves one DNA strand (the ... example: Benzo-[a]-pyrene (one of the primary carcinogens in tar) is metabolized ...

Consists of protein machines that are highly conserved in eukaryotes and prokaryotes ... MSH4, MSH5~Play essential roles in meiosis ...

Deficient Mismatch Repair as a Predictive Marker for Lack of Benefit from 5-FU based Chemotherapy in Adjuvant Colon Cancer Authors: DJ Sargent et al

Repair mechanisms 1. Reversal of damage 2. Excision repair 3. Mismatch repair 4. Recombination repair 5. Error-prone repair 6. Restriction-modification systems

HNPCC results from mutations in genes involved in DNA mismatch repair, ... The other strand of the duplex is displaced. Double-strand break repair ...

Biochemistry

DNA Repair & Recombination All 3 genomes in plants constantly being damaged by UV and other forms of radiation, chemicals, and other stresses (e.g., oxidative, heat).

Mechanism to repair damaged DNA

Photolyase: binds a pyrimidine dimers and catalyzes a photochemical reaction ... Role of umuC and umuD genes in error-prone repair ...

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Topoisomerase: relieves supercoiling nicks and reaneals one strand of DNA. DNA B: a helicase that separates ds DNA into ss DNA via ATP hydrolysis

In Vitro Mutagenesis dut ung ... or phage grown in a dut ung mutant of E. coli. ... The ung gene encodes uracil N-glycosylase which normally removes U from DNA. ...

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Several nucleotide bases undergo spontaneous ... Deamination of cytosine to uracil in DNA occurs approximately 100 times per day ... Ligation. Direct repair ...

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DNA Replication and Repair Replication is bidirectional E. coli genome size = 4.6 X 106 bp Bacteria have circular chromosome with single origin of replication.

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DNA repair Direct repair Excision ... Depyrimidation 1.2 2,880 Oxidized DNA 10.2 24,000 Depurination 35.6 84,000 N7-MethylGuanine 50.9 120,000 Single-strand break ...

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Ataxia telangectasia. DSB repair. Lymphomas. Nijmegen breakage syndrome. DSB repair. Lymphomas ... Linkage analysis - Individual families showed tight linkage ...

Ligation. DNA-Ligase. E. coli. Viren/ Menschen. Initiation site of replication ... 54kDa, Chromophores: FADH2, 5, 10-Methenyltetrahydrofolylglutamat. Direct. Repair ...

DNA polymerase has 3' to 5' exonuclease function (epsilon-subunit) that ... Terminator utilization substance (Tus) binds to ter region. ...

Instability: Mutation and DNA repair. Different mutation rates in primates and rodents ... Instability: Mutation and DNA repair. Mobile elements and mutations ...

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DNA Replication and Repair

DNA Replication and Repair. Watson and Crick Predicted Semi-conservative Replication of DNA ... DNA polymerase III major polymerase involved in DNA replication. ...

Nonsense mutation---base pair substitution results in a stop codon (and shorter polypeptide) Frameshift mutations additions or deletions.

Instability: Mutation and DNA repair Mutations DNA repair What are SINEs? 1. Interspersed Elements 2. 70 - 300 Bases in Length 3. Very High Copy Numbers (100,000 ...

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DNA Repair and Mutagenesis (Friedberg, Walker, Siede) Hoeijmakers, Nature 411, ... Nucleotide Excision Repair. damaged bases are removed as oligonucleotides ...

Title: Proofreading and DNA Repair Author: pamela_tsai Last modified by: pamela_chow Created Date: 11/17/2006 11:29:55 PM Document presentation format

The Mutability and Repair of DNA Gamma radiation and X-rays Cause double-strand breaks in the DNA, which are difficult to repair. Ionizing radiation and agents like ...

DNA Polymerase Binds Template and Free dNTP. Processive Replication ... Trombone Model of DNA Replication in E. coli V. Helicase Binds to DNA Polymerase III ...

... Xeroderma pigmentosum Nucleotide excision repair Cockayne syndrome Neurological ...

DNA polymerase is responsible for copying and repairing DNA. DNA replication is asymmetrical. One strand of DNA is always retained during replication ...

Heritable change in the genetic material. Permanent structural change of DNA. Alteration can be ... Variegated phenotype results. 43. SOMATIC VS. GERM-LINE ...

If any mismatch escapes the proof reading mechanisms it will cause distortion of ... One mechanism involves the ligation of breaks. ...

Process is catalyzed in a process similar to photosynthesis- harvesting energy from light ... The remaining steps of this process are identical to those in homologous ...

Two main types of DNA damage: *point mutations *structural mutations The molecular basis of point mutations 1. Base substitution transition transversion 2. Frame shift 3.

'UUUMMMBBB999 | PP tt 3f 333f3 33 3f3fff ff f 3 f 3f f 333f3 33 ... 333f3 33 33 3f 3 3 3 3f3fff ff f3f33ff3f 3f3f 3fff3fffff ffff f3 ff f f f ff3 ...

Each of the parental strands serves as a. template for a ... round of replication, or if improperly repaired. C. G. C. G. and. C. G. C. G. C. A. and. C. G. T ...

Must happen prior to cell division. Must monitor the DNA to repair any damage ... Sliding clamp. Subunit of polymerase. Helps polymerase along strand ...

Chapter9 The Mutability and Repair of DNA. Life and biodiversity depend on a ... damage throughout the genome, but it is also capable of rescuing RNA polymerase ...

Repair exonuclease: 5' to 3' yes no no. DNA polymerase III is the main replicating enzyme ... primers on the lagging strand, and it is also a repair enzyme ...

DNA lacks the ability to perform the process of ... DNA helicase unwinds DNA strands ... DNA topoisomerase relieves mechanical strain induced by unwinding ...

Chapter 15 DNA Biosynthesis and DNA Damage Repair Section One The General Features of Replication of Chromosomal DNA DNA replicates ...

Lecture 15: DNA Organization, Replication and Repair. Reading Assignment: Chapter 38, pgs. ... DNA repair systems. A. Direct repair. B. Excision repair. C. ...