RF Based Home Automation System

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RF Based Home Automation System

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To develop a home automation system with a RF controlled remote. As technology is advancing so houses are also getting smarter. Modern houses are gradually shifting from conventional switches to centralized control system, involving RF controlled switches. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: RF Based Home Automation System

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RF based Home Automation System
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RF based Home Automation System
What is Home Automation

As the technologies are rapidly advancing that
affects the human daily lives more flexible,
particularly in controlling home appliances.
Electrical installations are the heart of every
building, therefore intelligent building control
absolutely ensures the safety and efficient
control and eventually saves the electric power
consumption and human energy.
Home automation system does the operations like
lighting control and regulation, regulating HVAC
(Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning)
equipments, energy and load management, security
and monitoring, audio/ video systems, HMIs and
other control tasks.

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RF based Home Automation System
Introduction to RF based Home Automation System

To develop a home automation system with a RF
controlled remote, houses are also getting
smarter.
As technology is advancing so houses are also
getting smarter.
Modern houses are gradually shifting from
conventional switches to centralized control
system, involving RF controlled switches.

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RF based Home Automation System

Functional Description
Presently, conventional wall switches located in
different parts of the house makes it difficult
for the user to go near them to operate.
In order to achieve this, a RF remote is
interfaced to the microcontroller on transmitter
side which sends ON/OFF commands to the receiver
where loads are connected.
By operating the specified remote switch on the
transmitter, the loads can be turned ON/OFF
remotely through wireless technology.
This circuit utilizes the RF module (Tx/Rx) for
making a wireless remote, which could be used to
drive an output from a distant place.
RF module, as the name suggests, uses radio
frequency to send signals . These signals are
transmitted at a particular frequency and a baud
rate.

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RF based Home Automation System
Block Diagram For Transmitter
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RF based Home Automation System
Block Diagram For Receiver
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RF based Home Automation System

Hardware Requirements
8051 series Microcontroller
Transformer
Opto-isolator
TRIAC
Voltage Regulator
Crystal
Diodes
Resistors
Capacitors
Lamps
RF modules
Push Buttons.

Software Requirements
Keil compiler.

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RF based Home Automation System

RF Transmitter and Receiver
RF modules are normally divided into three
groups, RF transmitter module, RF receiver module
and RF transceiver module .
433MHz ASK transmitter and receiver is used for
the remote control.

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RF based Home Automation System

Features of RF
Range in open space(Standard Conditions) 100
Meters
RX Receiver Frequency 433 MHz
RX Typical Sensitivity 105 Dbm
RX Supply Current 3.5 mA
RX IF Frequency 1MHz
Low Power Consumption
Easy For Application
RX Operating Voltage 5V
TX Frequency Range 433.92 MHz
TX Supply Voltage 3V 6V
TX Out Put Power 4 12 Dbm

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RF based Home Automation System

Encoder
Encoder IC (HT12E) receives parallel data in the
form of address bits and control bits.
The control signals from remote switches along
with8 address bits constitute a set of 12
parallel signals.
The encoder converts the parallel inputs (from
the remote switches) into serial set of signals.
These signals are serially transferred through RF
to the reception point.
Transmission is enabled by providing ground
topin14 which is active low.

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RF based Home Automation System

Decoder
In the receiver circuit we use RF module to get
the data and decoded by the decoder.
Decoder deliver the data into 4 bit and we use
further control circuit to switch on/off.
The decoder is used after the RF receiver to
decode the serial format and retrieve the
original signals as out puts. These outputs can
be observed on corresponding LEDs.

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RF based Home Automation System

Opto-isolator
Opto-coupler MOC3061/63 an LED SCR type
combination.
Opto coupler is a 6 pin IC.
Additionally while using this IC with
microcontroller and one LED can be connected in
series with IC LED to indicate when high is given
from micro controller such that we can know that
current is flowing in internal LED of the
opto-IC.
When logic high is given current flows through
LED from pin 1 to 2 .
So in this process LED light falls on SCR causing
6 4 to close only at the zero cross of the
supply voltage.

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RF based Home Automation System

BC547 (NPN Transistor)
The BC547 transistor is an NPN Epitaxial Silicon
Transistor.
It is used in general-purpose switching and
amplification BC847/BC547 series 45 V, 100 mA NPN
general-purpose transistors.
The ratio of two currents (Ic/Ib) is called the
DC Current Gain of the device and is given the
symbol of hfe or nowadays Beta, (ß).
The current gain from the emitter to the
collector terminal, Ic/Ie, is called Alpha, (a),
and is a function of the transistor itself