Performance%20Appraisal

1
Performance Appraisal

• Lecture 12

2
Performance Appraisal

• Behavior Control System

3
Performance Appraisal

• Source of Evaluation
• Performance Evaluation Instruments
• Problems with Error and Bias

4
Sources of Evaluation

• Who evaluates performance?

5
Supervisor Evaluates Subordinate

• Most Common
• Method

6
Group of Supervisors Evaluate Subordinate

• Reduces Bias

7
Group of Peers Evaluate Colleague

• Difficult to hide
• things from your
• co-workers

8
Group of Subordinates Evaluate Superior
9
Self Evaluation
10
Personnel (HR) Appraisal
11
Personnel (HR) Evaluation
12
Combination
13
Performance Evaluation Instruments

• Different types of instruments provide protection
  against errors and bias

14
Global Ranking

• Uni-Dimensional Rating Scale
• 1 2 3 4 5

15
Global Ranking

• Grades in School
• A B C D F

16
Multi-Dimensional Rating Scale

• Quality of Work 1 2 3 4 5
• Quantity of Work 1 2 3 4 5
• Concern for Safety 1 2 3 4 5

17
Critical Incident

• Significant good and bad incidents go into file
• Determines whether employee is an asset or
  liability to the organization
• Can be used to formulate a Multi-Dimensional
  Rating Scale

18
Essay Evaluations

• Supervisors tend to hate doing these

19
Other Instruments

• BARS
• Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales
• MBO
• Management By Objectives

20
Problems with Error and Bias

• Many can be overcome with proper instrument

21
Halo Effect

• A single trait or incident biases someones
  opinion
• Overcome by multi-dimensional scales

22
Constant Error

• Rater tends to stick to one side of the scale or
  the other
• Easy A Teacher

23
Constant Error

• Rater tends to stick to one side of the scale or
  the other

24
Constant Error

• Overcome by forced distribution of rankings

25
Recency Error

• We tend to remember the near past better than the
  distant past
• Little kids behave around Christmas time

26
Recency Error

• Overcome by having rater consider different time
  periods separately
• Jan Mar
• Apr Jun
• Jul Sep
• Oct Dec

27
Error of Central Tendency

• Rater tends to ignore endpoints of scale
• Overcome by forced distribution of rankings