Muscles Origins and Insertions

1
Muscles Origins and Insertions
2
Muscles from pg. 44-45 in text
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Sternocleidomastoid Broad superficial muscle running up each side of the neck Agonist Flexes and rotates the head Sternum Clavicle Mastoid process
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Splenius Runs posterior joins skull and spine Agonist Flexes and rotates the head Cervical thoracic vertebrae Temporal occipital lobes
3
Neck Muscles
4
Thoracic Cage Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Longissimus Lateral to spinalis Agonist Laterally Flexes and extends the spine Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar vertebrae Mastoid process cervical vertebrae
Spinalis Most medial attaches to vertebrae Agonist Laterally Flexes and extends the spine Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar vertebrae Mastoid process cervical vertebrae
Illiocostalis Most lateral Agonist Laterally Flexes and extends the spine Saccrum,Lumbar vertebrae, Ribs Cervical vertebrae Ribs
5
Back Muscles
6
Thoracic Cage Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Diaphragm Anatomical Divider Agonist Decreases pressure in the thoracic cavity Sternum, Ribs, Lumbar vertebrae Central tendon
Intercostals Muscles in between ribs Agonist Elevates, Depresses ribs Inferior aspect of all ribs Superior aspect of all ribs
Transverse Thoracis Triangle muscles under ab wall Agonist Pulls abdominal wall invward Sternum, Xiphoid process Cartilidge of ribs 2-6
7
Thoracic Cage
8
Abdominal Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Rectus Abdominus Wash board look Agonist Flex trunk, Aids in some expiration Child birth Symphysis pubis pubic crest Xiphoid Process Inferior ribs
External Obliques Agonist Flex and rotate the vertebral column Lower eight ribs Iliac Crest, Pubis
Quadratus Lumborum Deep muscle Agonist Extend and laterally bends the vertebral column Iliac Crest and Lumbar vertebra 12th Rib and upper lumbar vertebrae
9
Abdominals
10
Moving Upper Limb
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Pectoralis Major Thick Muscles covering the chest Prime Mover Internal rotation, adduction and flexion of the arm Clavicle, Sternum, Costal cartilage of first 6 ribs. Intertubercular groove
Latissimus Dorsi Lats V shape Prime Mover Adductor, Extensor and internal rotator of the arm Lower Thoracic and Lumber verts. Iliac Crest and sacrum Humerus
11
Rotator Cuff
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Supraspinatus Agonist Stabilize shoulder joint. Abducts shoulder Above scapular spine (supraspinous fossa) Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Infraspinatus Agonist Stabilize shoulder joint. Lateral rotation Below scapular spine (infraspinous fossa) Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Teres Minor Agonist Stabilize shoulder joint. Lateral rotation. Lateral border of scapula Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Subscapularis Stabilizer Rotates medially and stabilizes shoulder Iliac Crest and Lumbar vertebra Lesser Tubercle of Humerus
12
(No Transcript)
13
Scapular Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Trapezius Agonist Scapular elevation, adduction, retraction, upward rotation extends neck Occipital bone, Cervical thoracic vertebrae Spine of Scapula, acromion process clavicle
Rhomboids Major Minor Agonist Assist Traps in downward rotation of scapular adduction of scapula Maj. T2-T5 Min. C1-T1 Medial border of the scapula
Levator Scapulae Agonist Elevates scapula Base of skull upper cervical vertebrae Upper medial border of scapula
Serratus anterior Stabilizer Upward rotation abduction of the scapula Ribs 1-8 Medial border of the scapula
14
(No Transcript)
15
Scapular Muscles cont.
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Pectoralis Minor Agonist Elevates ribs Depresses Scapula Ribs 3,4,5 Coracoid process
16
Muscles that move Humerus
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Deltoids Three heads Anterior, lateral, posterior Agonist Laterally abducts arms, Medial and lateral rotation From the clavicle to the acromion to scapular spine Humerus (Deltoid tuberosity)
Coracobrachialis Agonist Flexor and arm adductor Coracoid Process Humerus
Teres Major Agonist Medial rotator and adductor Lateral Border of the scapula Humerus
17
(No Transcript)
18
Elbow Flexors Extensors
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Bicep Brachii Agonist Supinator and flexor of the arm 2 places Short head on corracoid Long Head superior glenoid fossa Radius Radial TUberosity
Brachialis Agonist Pronator and arem flexor Anterior surface of humerus Coronoid process
Tricep Brachii Agonist Arm Extensor 1)Lateral head posterior humerus 2)Long Head infragleniod fossa 3)Medial head posterior humerus Olecranon
Brachioradialis Agonist Elbow flexor, very powerful when arm is pronated Lateral epicondyle of humerus Olecranon
19
Supination and Pronation of the Forearm
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Pronator Quadratus Agonist Pronates forearm Anterior surface of distal ulna Distal surface of radius
Pronator teres Agonist Pronates forearm Medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid porcess Lateral mid shaft of radius
Supinator Agonist Supinates forearm Lateral epicondyle of humerus Lateral aspect of radius
20
Extrinsic Hand Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Flexor Pronator Group Agonist Pronator and flexor of the wrist and digits Medial epicondyle of the humerus Meta carpals Phalanges
Extensor Supinator Group Agonist Supinator and flexor of wrist ad digits Lateral epicondyle of humerus Meta Carpals Phalanges
21
Pelvic Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Gluteus Maximus Agonist Hip extension and external rotation Illiac crest saccrum and coccyx Greater trochanter
Gluteus Medius Agonist Abduction and internal rotation Anterior surface of the illiac crest Posterior surface of greater trochanter
Sartorius Agonist Hip Flexion Outward rotation Medial surface of the tibia Medial surface of the tibia
22
Gluteus Max, Med, Min
23
Hip Adductors
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Illiopsoas Agonist Hip and trunk felxion Ilium and lumbar vertebrae Lesser Trochanter of the Femur
Adductor longus Agonist Hip Adduction Pubis Femur
Adductor magnus Agonist Hip adduction and extension Pubis and ischium Femur
24
Hip Muscles
25
Quadriceps
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Rectus Femoris Agonist Knee Extension and Hip Flexion Iliac crest Patellar Tendon
Vastus Lateralis Agonist Knee Extension Femur Patellar Tendon
Vastus intermedius Agonist Knee Extension Femur Patellar Tendon
Vastus Medialis Agonist Knee Extension Femur Patellar Tendon
26
Quadriceps
27
Hamstrings
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Bicep Femoris Agonist Flexes knee, Rotates knee externally, extends hip Ischium Head of Fibula
Semimembranosus Agonist Flexes knee, Rotates knee internally, extends hip Ischium Medial tibial condyle
Semitendinosus Agonist Flexes knee, Rotates knee internally Ischium Medial tibial condyle
28
Hamstrings
29
Lower Leg
Muscle Name Function Describe movements Origin Insertion
Tibialis Anterior Agonist Dorsi Flexes ankle and inverts foot Anterior shaft of tibia Metatarsals
Gastrocnemius Agonist Plantar Flexes ankle and felxes knee Medial and Lateral Condyles Calcaneous
Soleus Agonist Plantar Flexes ankle Fibula Calcaneous
30
Lower Leg Muscles