Noile ghiduri de Resuscitare Cardio Respiratorie (RCR) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Noile ghiduri de Resuscitare Cardio Respiratorie (RCR)

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Title: Noile ghiduri de Resuscitare Cardio Respiratorie (RCR)


1
Noile ghiduri de ResuscitareCardio Respiratorie
(RCR)
  • D. Sandesc
  • Spitalul Judetean Timisoara
  • 06.07.2006

2
RCR - Surse bibliografice principale
  • European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for
    Resuscitation 20051
  • International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation
    (ILCOR) 2005 International Consensus Conference
    on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation2
  • Resuscitation 2005 67S1 S1-S189
  • Resuscitation 2005 67 1-341

3
Epidemiologie
  • Stop cardiac 60 din decesele pacientilor cu
    cardiopatie ischemica
  • Saravanan P et al. A survey of resuscitation
    training needs of senior anesthetists.
    Resuscitation 2005 64 93-6

Etiologie SCR
Cardiopatie Boli respiratorii Trauma Boli cerebrovasculare Asfixie Intoxicatii medicamentoase Alte tentative suicid 82,4 4,3 3,1 2,2 2,2 1,9 0,9
4
Epidemiologie
  • Stopul cardio-respirator (SCR)
  • 460.000/an SUA1
  • 700.000/an Europa2
  • 2/3 tentativa de RCR
  • Supravietuirea dupa RCR
  • 5-10 (15 dupa Fibrilatie Ventriculara FV)
  • RCR cu Defibrilare in primele 3-5 minute
    supravietuire pina la 49-75 !
  • Fiecare minut ? 7-10 supravietuirea !
  • American Heart Association, Heart Disease and
    Stroke Statistics 2005 Uptodate
  • Saus S et al. Task Force of the European Society
    of Cardiology on Cardiovascular Mortality and
    Morbidity Statistics in Europe. Eur Heart J 1997
    18 1231-48

5
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6
RCR Formula lui Safar
  • - Airway
  • - Breathing
  • - Circulate masaj cardiac (152 51)
  • - Drugs
  • - EKG
  • - Fibrilation
  • - Gauging (Evaluare)
  • - Human Mentation
  • - Intensive Care

7
Time is life !!!
8
Resuscitarea Lantul Supravietuirii
(Chain of Survival)
  • Recunoasterea imediata a urgentei si apel pentru
    ajutor calificat (112)
  • Start RCR
  • Defibrilare rapida in SCR FV fiecare minut
    intarziere ? 10-15 sansa de supravietuire
  • Terapia intensiva post-resuscitare

9
RCR extraspital (personal nemedical)
inregistrare telefonica
  • Why is it that every time I press on his chest
    he opens his eyes, and every time I stop to
    breathe for him he goes to sleep?
  • Berg RA et al. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
    Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation- Is
    ventilation necessary? Circulation 1993 88
    1907-1915

10
Noile ghiduri de RCR principalele modificari
  • Diagnosticul de Stop CR pacient ce nu raspunde
    la stimuli si nu respira normal , NU prin cautare
    puls !
  • Masajul cardiac
  • Inceput imediat si mentinut continuu
  • Mainile resuscitatorului in mijlocul pieptului
  • Frecventa 100 / min
  • Raport compresii toracice / respiratie 30/2

11
Noile ghiduri de RCR principalele modificari
  • Defibrilarea
  • In FV cat mai precoce
  • 360 J din start la defibrilatoarele unipolare
  • 1 singur soc
  • Droguri
  • Renuntare la Adrenalina doze mari
  • Amiodarona
  • Hipotermia moderata postresuscitare

12
RCR bazala la adult(Adult basic life support)
13
RCR Bazal
  • Verifica siguranta
  • mediului/locului
  • Verifica daca victima
  • raspunde
  • zgaltaire umeri
  • sunteti bine /
  • totul e in regula?

14
RCR Bazal
  • a. Pacientul raspunde
  • urmarire
  • b. Pacientul nu raspunde
  • Striga dupa ajutor
  • Pozitionare - decubit dorsal
  • Eliberare cai aeriene

15
RCR Bazal
  • Verifica daca pacientul
  • respira
  • priveste
  • asculta
  • simte

16
RCR Bazal
  • 5a. Pacientul respira normal
  • pozitia de siguranta
  • apel ambulanta
  • supraveghere

17
RCR Bazal

18
RCR Bazal


  • b. Pacientul nu respira normal
  • trimite sau cheama ambulanta
  • Masaj cardiac
  • in centrul toracelui
  • 100 / min (1/1)
  • 4-5 cm

19
RCR Bazal
  • a. Combina masajul cardiac
  • cu respiratia artificiala
  • 30 2

20
RCR bazal aspecte particulare
  • RCR fara respiratie gura la gura
  • acceptabila
  • comparabila cu RCR standard1
  • Respiratie artificiala initiala
  • Ventilatia
  • evitarea hiperventilatiei
  • 500-600 ml (6-7 ml/kg) volum curent2
  • Kern KB et al. Circulation 2002 105645-9
  • Baskett P et al. Resuscitation 1996 31 231-4

21
RCR Defibrilarea electrica automata(AED)

e
22
RCR Defibrilarea
  • FV faze
  • Electrica ( 4 minute)
  • Circulatorie (min. 4-10)
  • a) epuizare energetica miocardica
  • b) defibrilarea directa neeficienta
  • c) masaj cardiac ? sansele defibrilarii1
  • Metabolica supravietuirea improbabila2
  • RCR inainte de defibrilare (daca socul se
    administreaza la gt 5 minute dupa SCR)3
  • Ewy GA et al. In 2006 Yearbook of Intensive Care
    and Emergency Medicine, J.L. Vincent (subred),
    Springer, Brussels 316-327
  • Kim F et al. Circulation 2005 112 715-719
  • Langhelle A, Nolan JP. Resuscitation 2005 66
    271-83

23
RCR avansata

24
RCR avansata Droguri
  • Adrenalina (f 1mg/ml)
  • 1 mg la 3-5 min i.v. (2-3 mg traheal in 10ml)
  • Amiodarona(f 150 mg)
  • Indicatii
  • FV refractara la 3 socuri
  • Doza 300 mg i.v. (diluat in glucoza 5 pana la
    20 ml) ? ? repetare 150 mg ? perfuzie 900 mg/24h
  • Reactii adverse bradicardie, hipotensiune
  • Atropina(f 1mg/ml)
  • Indicatii - asistolie, DEM cu AV lt 60/min
  • Doza 3 mg i.v.

25
RCR avansata Droguri
  • Lidocaina (f 2-20 mg/ml ,4-40 mg/ml )
  • Indicatii FV si TV refractare (linia a 2-a dupa
    Amiodarona)
  • Doza 1-1,5 mg/kg ?50 mg (maxim 3 mg/kg prima
    ora)
  • Magneziu sulfat (f 50 , 20)
  • Indicatii
  • FV refractara cu hipoMg
  • Tahiaritmii ventriculare hipoMg
  • Torsades des pointes
  • Toxicitate digitalica
  • Doza 2 g i.v. (4ml sol 50) in 1-2 min ?
    repetare la 10-15 min

26
RCR avansata Droguri
  • Bicarbonat de Na(sol 8,4-1mEq/ml)
  • Indicatii
  • SCR cu hiperpotasemie
  • Intoxicatie cu antidepresive triciclice
  • ? pH ? 7,1
  • Doza 50 ml sol. 8,4 p.e.v.
  • Calciu (sol 10)
  • ?Indicatii DEM cu hiperpotasemie
  • - hipocalcemie
  • - supradozare blocanti de Ca
  • ?Doza 10 ml i.v. /-repetat

7.
27
RCR la copii
  • Frica de RCR la copii nejustificata !
  • Protocolul RCR adult aplicabil la copil
  • Particularitati
  • Start cu 5 respiratii
  • RCR 1 minut inainte de a cauta ajutor
  • Compresiuni toracice 15/2 ,1/3 din diametru
  • cu 2 degete copii lt 1 an
  • 1/2 maini gt 1 an

28
RCR la copii
29
RCR la copii
30
RCR la copii
31
RCR la copii
  • Defibrilarea4 J/Kg
  • gt 8 ani similar cu adultii
  • 1-8 ani
  • padele pediatrice (daca sunt disponibile)
  • padele tip adult
  • lt 1 an contraindicat

32
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33
RCR la copii
Podus Dilutia Doza i.v./p.e.v
Adrenalina (f 1mg/ml) 1mg/10ml (100µg/ml) 10µg/kg (1ml/10kg)
Atropina (f 1mg/ml) 1mg/10ml (100µg/ml) 20-40µg/kg 2-4ml/10kg
Bicarbonat de Na 8,4 (1mEg/ml) 1mEg/kg
Xilina (f 1, 2) 10 mg/ml 1mg/kg
34
RCR - Concluzii
  • 1. Elemetul esential- MCE
  • - Precoce
  • - 100/min
  • - Neintrerupt
  • - Raport compresii /respiratii 30/2
  • 2. Defibrilarea (socul electric)-esential in FV
    si TV fara puls
  • -soc unic, repetat la nevoie dupa minimum 2
    minute de resuscitare
  • -360 J

35
RCR - Concluzii
  • 3. Adrenalina 1 mg la 3 min
  • 4. Tratamentul de prima linie al aritmiilor
    ventriculare amiodarona
  • 5. RCR la copii dupa schema de la adult cu mici
    modificari

36
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