Social Darwinism vs. Social Gospel

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Social Darwinism vs. Social Gospel

• The Changing and Opposing views of Americans

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PAIR-SHARE

• During the Industrial Revolution many people had
  ideas on how to improve society.
• Whos job do you think is it to help the poor and
  fix the problems in society (ie government,
  churches, people themselves)?
• Explain your answer.

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Objective

• Students will be able to analyze the similarities
  and differences between the ideologies of Social
  Darwinism and Social Gospel by completing a
  graphic organizer and reflective journal.

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Essential Vocabulary

• Ideology An organized collection of ideas.
• Social Reform Changes in society for the better
• Natural Selection Process that living things
  survive due to their favorable traits

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Take notes on this graphic organizer
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Social Darwinism

• Definition
• An application of the theory of natural selection
  to social, political, and economic issues.
• "the strong survive"

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Social Darwinism

• Where was it used?
• The theory was used from the late 19th century to
  the mid 1920s to support laissez-faire capitalism
  and political conservatism.
• During the age of New Imperialism, this theory
  justified the exploitation of "lesser breeds
  without the law" by "superior races.
• Nazism and Fascism used to justify extreme
  nationalism

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Social Darwinism

• What did people who believed in this theory want?
• To promote laissez-faire capitalism (no
  government regulations)
• To justify extreme nationalism (jingoism)

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Social Darwinism
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Social Gospel

• Definition
• The movement applied Christian ethics to social
  problems, especially issues of social justice
  such as excessive wealth, poverty, alcoholism,
  crime, racial tensions, slums, bad hygiene, child
  labor, inadequate labor unions, poor schools, and
  the danger of war.
• (ie. YMCA, Salvation Army)

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Social Gospel

• Where was it used?
• In the United States prior to and after World War
  I, the Social Gospel was the religious wing of
  the progressive movement which had the aim of
  combating injustice, suffering and poverty in
  society.

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Social Gospel

• What did people who believed in this theory want?
• The Presbyterians described its goals in 1910 by
  proclaiming
• The great ends of the church are the proclamation
  of the gospel for the salvation of humankind the
  shelter, nurture, and spiritual fellowship of the
  children of God the maintenance of divine
  worship the preservation of truth the promotion
  of social righteousness and the exhibition of
  the Kingdom of Heaven to the world.

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Activity Social Darwin or Social Gospel?

• As you listen to the autobiographies, try to
  figure out if they believe in the ideology of
  Social Gospel or Social Darwinism. If you are
  correct, you will receive extra credit points.

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William Graham Sumner
Social Darwinist
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William Sunday
Social Gospel
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Washington Gladden
Social Gospel
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H.G. Wells
Social Darwin
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Dwight L. Moody
Social Gospel
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Herbert Spencer
Social Darwin

• Coined the phrase survival of the fittest

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Jane Addams
Social Gospel
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Wrap-Up

• Pair-Share
• What are the similarities and differences between
  the ideologies of Social Darwinism and Social
  Gospel

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Review Activity

• Reflective Journal
• Today I learned about ____________________________
  _________________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• The first thing we learned was
  __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• Then we learned __________________________________
  ___________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• This is important because ________________________
  _____________________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________
• I predict what will happen in history next is
  __________________________________________________
  ___________________

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Autobiographies

• Teacher Instructions
• Step 1 Hand out the autobiographies to selected
  students.
• Step 2 When indicated to do so, the student is
  to stand and read their assigned autobiography
  aloud.
• Step 3 Randomly select a student to decide if
  the person is considered to have the ideology of
  Social Darwinism or Social Gospel. The correct
  answer will be displayed.

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• Hello, my name is Herbert Spencer. I am an
  English philosopher who has influenced many men
  around the world, including the United States. I
  am known as the father of my theory even though I
  never spoke of the term myself. I am often
  confused as being uncompassionate towards the
  poor. Just because I believe in the nature of
  man, and believe in social evolution, does not
  mean that I am against the poor or women.

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• I am William Graham Sumner. I am a professor at
  Yale University where I teach sociology. I have
  studied Charles Darwins The Origin of Species
  the reveals the biological ability of animals to
  survive through adaptation, or otherwise known as
  survival of the fittest. I believe this theory
  also applies to human society. Millionaires are a
  product of natural selection. It takes a special
  talent, ambition, and character to be a Carnegie
  or Rockefeller.

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• My name is H.G. Wells. I am an English man who
  has influenced American writers such as the Call
  of the Wilds Jack London. I have written many
  books such as The Invisible Man, The Time
  Machine, and The Island of Doctor Moreau. In my
  book, Anticipations, I wrote. And for the rest,
  those swarms of black, and brown, and
  dirty-white, yellow people, who do not come into
  the new needs of efficiency? Well, the world is a
  world, not a charitable institution, and I take
  it they will have to go.

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• My name is William Sunday, but you can call me
  Billy Sunday. I use to be a baseball player for
  you fans out there. I quit baseball to follow my
  new passion. I started preaching throughout Iowa
  and the rest of the Midwest and eventually went
  national. I preached temperance, personal
  salvation, and the middle-class values. I
  converted thousands into the Christian faith. I
  started to make a lot if money, but donated much
  too different religious charities. I would later
  play a major role in the temperance movement
  leading to the 18th Amendment, Prohibition.

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• I am Washington Gladden. I oppose racial
  segregation and support unionization of workers.
  I believe that the church must be responsible for
  correcting social injustices in the political and
  economic order including work conditions and
  unfair labor practices. I would obviously be a
  key member in the Progressive Movement, a
  movement encouraging reform.

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• I am Dwight L. Moody. My fathers early death
  forced me to find work at the tender age of 15. I
  am involved with the YMCA. More than 1,000 poor
  children attend my Sunday school in Chicago. I
  travel the country filling out stadiums with
  thousands of people and host conventions with
  such prominent evangelist as Ira Sankey.

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• I am Jane Addams. I am known as an American
  reformer, social worker and philosopher. My major
  accomplishment was helping immigrants assimilate
  in America with settlement houses such as Hull
  House in Chicago, Ill. We provided social welfare
  to poor neighborhoods. Although I am not known
  for my ideology, one had great influence over me.