How to Prepare for Earthquakes

1
Unit 6
How to Prepare for Earthquakes
2
Stage 1 Warming-up Activities
Stage 2 Reading-Centred Activities
Stage 3 Vocabulary Exercises
Stage 4 Translating and Writing
3
Warming-up Activities

• Background information
• Enriching your vocabulary
• Comparing the following words
• Questions for thought and discussion

4
Background information

• the Great Hanshin Earthquake Disaster
• At 54651 AM, on January 17, 1995, a
  magnitude 7.2 earthquake occurred around Kobe
  City in Japan. The earthquake magnitude was
  defined by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The
  earthquake was named the 1995 South Hyogo
  Prefecture Earthquake (or the 1995 Hyogoken
  Nanbu Earthquake) by JMA. It was also referred to
  as the Great Hanshin Earthquake Disaster by the
  Japanese government.

5
Enriching your vocabulary

• Read the sentences carefully and guess the
  meaning of the italicized term in each sentence
  according to the context and your own
  experiences.

6

• In 1906 an earthquake destroyed much of San
  Francisco.
• Financial experts have detected signs that the
  economy is beginning to improve.
• The popularity of the film stars waxed and waned.
  
• She watched the wax as it dripped down the side
  of the candle.
• The destruction of the city by the earthquake was
  serious.

7

• The region needs housing which is strong enough
  to withstand severe wind and storms.
• The car has had a new wing welded on.
• Check the pipes for leaks at the joints.
• Sports shoes are now designed to help protect the
  knee and hip joints.
• By our joint efforts we managed to push the car
  back on the road.
• Every man is the architect of his own fortune.

8

• The roof of the temple was held up by a row of
  thick stone columns.
• I didn't have time to read the whole article
  just the first column.
• Draw a horizontal line across the bottom of the
  page.
• The beams cracked and the top floor caved in.
• The beams of searchlights are scanning the sky.
• Her face is beaming with delight.

9

• The sun beamed down on them.
• Television began beaming the national nominating
  conventions onto the homes of Americans.
• His shirt was a pattern of vertical and
  horizontal lines.
• Concrete pillars support the bridge.
• Fanny is a pillar of the chess club.
• He was given a fishing rod for his birthday.

10

• The park that encloses the monument has recently
  been enlarged.
• With this letter I enclose a photograph.
• There's a cupboard where you can put your
  clothes.
• Mother keeps her good dishes in a china cabinet.
• Members of the cabinet were chosen by the Prime
  Minister.
• Make sure that your seat belt is securely
  fastened.

11

• Bacteria are very small organisms, some of which
  cause diseases.
• Do you have an FM receiver?
• The toy costs 50 batteries not included.
• If people want this job, they will have to take a
  battery of tests.
• He uses a spade to dig the garden.
• The straw ropes lay all over the ship's deck.
• The animals were roped together.

12

• Someone had extinguished the lights in the
  kitchen.
• Nothing could extinguish his love for her.
• Using extinguishers, he put out the fire and did
  not leave until all danger was passed.
• Always keep a first-aid kit handy.
• Her new book is full of handy hints about how to
  get the most from your computer.
• The assistants will receive auxiliary rates of
  pay.

13

• He has bought a portable television set.
• I put on my coat and new leather boots.
• He could only remember fragments of what
  happened.
• Ownership of the large estates is increasingly
  fragmented.
• After the failure of electricity supplies the
  city was in chaos.
• Earthquakes leave scars in the earth's crust.

14

• It is impossible to say with any accuracy how
  many are affected.
• Fighting is an everyday occurrence in this area
  of this city.
• We may reduce the occurrence of cancer by fifty
  per cent.
• Why are you so resistant to change?
• We have taken all the precautions we can against
  the painting being stolen.

15
Comparing the following words

• hen cock chicken
• pigeon dove
• besides in addition to but for except for
  except
• sensible logical rational sane sound wise

16
Homework

• Learn the new words and expressions of the text
  by heart.
• Go over the text and try to get the main idea of
  the text.
• Prepare to tell a story about earthquakes youve
  ever experienced, heard or read.

17
Pre-reading Activities

• Task 1
• Every student tells a story in your group about
  earthquakes youve ever heard, read or
  experienced in about 2 minutes.
• Task 2
• Each group chooses the best story teller to tell
  the class your story.

18
Reading-Centred Activities

• Global Reading Task
• Listen to a short passage carefully and then
  answer the following questions on page 152.
• Understanding the organization of the text
• Work in groups to complete the outline of the
  passage

19

• The essay focuses on one central theme
  earthquake prediction, prevention and
  preparation. One characteristic writing technique
  that runs throughout the writing is a general
  statement supported by details.
• The whole passage can be divided into 4 parts
• The first part of the passage is one paragraph,
  Paragraph 1. The general statement is
  ______________________. The general statement is
  followed and supported by details.

20

• To predict when an earthquake is going to happen
  
• 1) Scientists _________ to detect movements. 
• 2) People have traditionally __________ for
  warning signs of earthquakes. They have found
  that before an earthquake hens ______________,
  snakes _____________, quiet dogs ___________,
  fish ______________ and pigeons __________.
• 3) Experimental data show that ___________ waxes
  before an earthquake.

21

• 2. The second part of the passage is also one
  paragraph, Paragraph 2. The general statement is
  _________________________. The general statement
  is followed and supported by details.
• To prevent the great destruction of property
  caused by earthquakes
• Many new structures are built _____________. 
• Architects design buildings so that _________. 
• Many new houses have ___________________.
• Concrete pillars for highway bridges that
  previously only had steel rods inside are _____.

22

• 3. The third part of the passage consists of 4
  paragraphs, from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6. The
  general statement is ______________. The general
  statement has its details in 4 paragraphs, from
  __________ preparations to _________ supplies,
  _________ tools and ________ plans.
• To prepare for the possibility of a great
  earthquake
• Regularly __________ your homes, __________ in
  low positions, ______________ to walls, and
  ________ doors.

23

• Have supplies of ____________ at home and at
  work. Keep survival supplies such as
  ______________.
• Keep ___________ and some proper tools to
  _________. Arrange an auxiliary _________. Keep a
  pair of ________________ to protect your feet.
• Have _________ plans. Make arrangements in case
  of ___________ for family members to
  ______________, to _____________, to
  ______________ or to ________________.

24

• 4. The fourth part of the passage is also one
  paragraph, Paragraph 7. The author offers his
  advice as a conclusion _______
  __________________________________________________
  ____________________.
• Reading Skills
• Skimming
• Detailed Reading Task
• Language points