Chapter 17 The Early Middle Ages

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Chapter 17 The Early Middle Ages

• Section 1
• Geography of Europe
• Notes

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The Physical Features of Europe

• Europe
• Small continent
• Part of Eurasia
• Ural Mountains are the boundary between Europe
  and Asia

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Landforms and Waterways

• Topography of Europe varies
• Mountains ranges cover large parts of South
  Europe
• Alps peaks higher than 15, 000 feet
• North of Alps is flatter than southern Europe
  (North European Plains)

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Landforms and Waterways

• North European Plain
• Most major rivers located here
• Most flow north out of the mountains to the seas
• Far North begins rugged hills and low mountains
• Europe has a jagged coastline due to many
  peninsulas

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Climate and Vegetation

• Europe has a wide variety of climates and
  vegetation
• Southern Europe is warm and sunny
• Northwest Europe is mild, cooler, wetter,
  freezing weather in winter
• Freezing weather more common in Scandinavia

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Geography Shapes Life

• Geography helps determine how people live
• People who live near the sea often utilize the
  oceans for travel, rely on fishing for much of
  their food, etc
• People who live on flat lands around rivers,
  often farm or raise cattle

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Southern Europe

• Most people live on the coastal plains or river
  valleys
• Grow grapes, olives
• Raise sheep and goats
• Many traders and seafarers since they live close
  to the sea

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Northern Europe

• Most Europeans live inland
• Still have access to sea by rivers
• Flat land makes great farmland
• No mountains to block invaders
• Northern Europe was often invaded