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Introduction to Map Reading

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Introduction to Map Reading GRC JROTC COL(R) ALEXANDER Map Reading I * Sheet name- Center of the top margin. Generally title of prominent culture or geographic feature. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Introduction to Map Reading


1
Introduction to Map Reading
  • GRC JROTC
  • COL(R) ALEXANDER

2
Outline
  • Purpose
  • Marginal Information
  • Colors
  • Terrain Features
  • Conclusion

3
Purpose
  • To lay the groundwork for successful map reading
    and land navigation by exposing the cadet to
    basic information, significant color coding, and
    terrain features used on maps.

4
Marginal Information1 of 4
  • Sheet Name
  • Sheet Number
  • Adjoining Map Sheets Diagram

5
Marginal Information2 of 4
  • Special Notes
  • Declination Diagram

6
Marginal Information3 of 4
  • Scales
  • Contour Interval Notes
  • Grid Reference Box

7
Marginal Information4 of 4
  • Unit Imprint
  • Legend

8
Colors (x6)
  • BLACK Man-made features (Buildings, roads,
    grid-lines)
  • RED-BROWN cultural features (contour lines)
  • BLUE Water features (Lakes, swamps and rivers)
  • BROWN Relief features and elevation on older or
    red-light readable maps (contour lines and
    cultivated land)
  • GREEN Vegetation (forest, woods, brush,
    orchards)
  • RED Man-made features (populated areas, major
    highway roads, boundaries on older maps)

9
Contour Lines Interval
  • 1. Check contour interval
  • 2. Find given elevation
  • 3. Determine direction of slope
  • 4. Count contour intervals.

Change in ELEVATION
10
Contour Lines Interval
Lines that are farther apart (interval) GENTLE
SLOPE
11
Contour Lines Interval
Lines that are close together (interval) STEEP
SLOPE
12
Major Terrain Features (x 5)
  1. Hill.
  2. Valley.
  3. Ridge.
  4. Saddle.
  5. Depression.

H idden V alley R anch S alad D ressing
13
Major Terrain Features1 of 5
  • Hill An area of high ground
  • - Concentric circles. The center of the smallest
    circle is the hilltop.

14
Major Terrain Features3 of 5
  • Valley a stretched-out groove in the land,
    usually formed by streams or rivers.
  • - U or V shaped contour lines. High ground on 3
    sides usually with water flowing in the middle.
    V or U points upstream.

15
Major Terrain Features4 of 5
  • Ridge This is a sloping line of high ground.
  • - low ground in three directions and high ground
    in one direction. Contour lines tend to be
    U-shaped or V-shaped. The closed end of the
    contour line points to lower ground

16
Major Terrain Features2 of 5
  • Saddle Low point between 2 areas of high ground
  • - hour glass or figure eight contour lines.

X
17
Major Terrain Features5 of 5
  • Depression This is a low point in the ground.
  • - Low ground or sink hole. Closed contour lines
    that have tick marks pointing toward low ground.

18
Minor Terrain Features (x 3)
  1. Draw.
  2. Spur.
  3. Cliff.

19
Minor Terrain Features1 of 3
  • Draw a less developed stream course than a
    valley. There is essentially no level ground .
  • contour lines depicting a draw are U-shaped or
    V-shaped,
  • pointing toward high ground.

20
Minor Terrain Features2 of 3
  • Spur a short, continuous sloping line of higher
    ground, normally jutting out from the side of a
    ridge.
  • - Contour lines depict the U or V pointing away
    from high
  • ground.

21
Minor Terrain Features3 of 3
  • Cliff a vertical or near vertical feature.
  • Contour line converge together into one
    Carrying contour. The last contour has tick
    marks pointing towards low ground. Sometimes
    depicted by contours running very close or
    touching.

22
Supplementary Terrain Features (x 2)
  1. Cut.
  2. Fill.

23
Supplementary Terrain Features
  • Cut or Fill a man-made feature resulting from
    cutting through high ground or filling low
    ground.
  • Contour line extends the length of the cut (tick
    marks point to roadbed) and fill (tick marks
    point away from roadbed).

24
Practical Exercise
8
9
6
6
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
25
Practical Exercise Key
HILL VALLEY 3. RIDGE 4. SADDLE 5. DEPRESSION
6. DRAW 7. SPUR 8. CLIFF 9. CUT 10. FILL
26
Summary
  • Purpose
  • Marginal Information
  • Colors (x6)
  • Terrain Features
  • Major
  • Minor
  • Supplementary

27
Conclusion
  • Knowing how to read and understand maps are
    valuable skills that can strengthen your
    awareness, credibility as a leader, and help you
    standout among your peers.

28
Introduction to Map Reading
  • GRC JROTC
  • COL. ALEXANDER
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