Fire Triangle and Fire Fighting

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Fire Triangle and Fire Fighting
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You will learn...

• What is Fire Triangle?
• Fire Fighting
• Fire Extinguishers

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I. What is Fire Triangle ?
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Try the following experiments...

• Squirt water on burning shavings.

• What will happen? Why?

So, what is the first factor for fire burning?
Click this for answer...
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Answer

• When water is squirt on the burning shavings, the
  fire goes out.
• The water cools the wood shavings.
• Thus, the first element is HEAT.

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Try the following experiments...

• Switch off the gas supply of a bunsen burner

• What will happen? Why?

So, what is the second factor for fire burning?
Click this for answer...
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Answer

• When the gas supply is switched off, the fire
  goes out.
• It is due to the cutting off of the gas supply.
• Thus, the second element is FUEL.

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Try the following experiments...

• Add sand to burning shavings.

• What will happen? Why?

So, what is the third factor for fire burning?
Click this for answer...
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Answer

• When sand is added to burning shavings, the fire
  will goes out.
• The sand smothers the fire and keeps out the air
  (oxygen).
• Thus, the third element is OXYGEN.

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Checkpoint

• What is the three elements of fire burning?

• Heat

• Fuel

• Oxygen

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Fire Triangle
These three things make up the fire triangle.
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II. Fire Fighting
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How do we stop burning?
Click here for hint ...
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• Hint This involves the removal of one or
  more of the three conditions in the Fire
  Triangle.

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Three methods

• Removing heat.
• Cutting off the fuel supply.
• Cutting off the air supply.

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III. Fire Extinguishers
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Four main types

• Water-type
• Foam
• Carbon dioxide
• BCF and BTM

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1. Water-type

• The spray of water cools the fire.
• For fires caused by solid combustibles (e.g.
  wood, paper)
• Not suitable for fires involving flammable liquid
  or electricity. Why?

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Answer

• Water can conduct electricity and may cause
  electrical shocks.
• The flammable liquid may float on water and
  spread the fire further.

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2. Foam

• The foam cuts off the air supply and provides
  some cooling.
• For fires caused by liquid combustibles.
• Not suitable for fires involving electricity. Why?

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Answer

• Foam can conduct electricity and may cause
  electrical shock.

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3. Carbon dioxide

• Carbon dioxide cuts off the air supply of the
  fire. How ?
• For most types of fires.
• Suitable for fires caused by electricity and
  liquid combustibles. Why?

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Answer

• Carbon dioxide has a higher density. It surrounds
  the fire and cut off the air supply.
• Carbon dioxide does not conduct electricity.
• It covers the flammable liquid and cut off the
  air supply.

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4. BTM and BCF

• BTM Bromotrifluromethane
• BCF Bromochlorodifluromethane
• Caution!!!
• BTM and BCF are TOXIC!!!

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4. BTM and BCF

• The fire extinguisher contains a liquid which is
  pressurized with carbon dioxide.
• For most types of fires.
• Suitable for fires caused by electricity and
  liquid combustibles.

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Checkpoint...

• Which of the fire extinguishers would you use on
  each of the following fires?

1. Computer on fire due to electrical fault

• Carbon dioxide and BCF (or BTM).

2. Fire caused by the spillage of paraffin
oil.

• Foam, carbon dioxide and BCF (or
  BTM).

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• How about a forest fire?

• CALL THE POLICE !!!

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EDD5161A Educational Communications and
TechnologyGroup Presentation

• Group Members
• Lam Wai Kuen, Iris (97092390)
• Law Yuk Choi (97092050)
• Lee Hung Siu (97016650)
• Kong Ping Wah (97016990)