DEVELOPMENT REVIEW

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DEVELOPMENT REVIEW

• The type of surface on which a fingerprint is
  deposited has a lot to do with the type of print
  that will be deposited on the physical evidence

• The use of sequential processing techniques can
  increase the number of prints found and improve
  the quality of the prints already developed

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Fingerprint Reagents and Targetsfrom
http//www.ridgesandfurrows.homestead.com/latent_p
rint_development.html
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Fingerprint Development techniques

• Amido Black Proteins Blue-black Also Commassie
  blue
• DFO (1,8-diazafluoren-9-one) Proteins
  Fluorescent Red- A more sensitive Ninhydrin
  analogue
• Fluorescence examination naturally occurring
  chemicals and contaminants Fluoresce without
  treatment with laser sensitive dyes.
• Gentian violet or crystal violet fatty acid
  purple color- good on sticky side of adhesive
  tape-Toxic- Yellow-orange laser light source
  (578nm) Alternate- Fuchsin- Green excitation
  (500nm)
• Iodinegood on both porous and non porous- fuming
• Ninhydrin porous surfaces like cardboard,
  wallboard, paper, wood amino acids purple
  colorRuhemanns purple. Treatment with Zn
  chloride and lasers improve sensitivity
• Physical Developer PD, SPD Sliver based
  solution porous surfaces that are wet or have
  been wet sweat gray to black
• Powders smooth non porous color depends on
  choice
• Silver nitrate chlorides in prints
• Small particle reagent SPR wet surfaces
  molybdenum disulfide in detergent lipids gray
  deposit. Non porous surfaces.
• Sudan Black non porous oily or greasy surface
  lipids blue black color
• Superglue or cyanoacrylate fuming non porous
  surfaces white. May be dusted with powder or
  washed with laser sensitive dyes such as
  Rhodamine G-6
• Vacuum metal deposition VMD smooth non porous
  surfaces gold or zinc thin film on latent
• See www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/jan2001/index.
  htm.

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AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT INDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

• AFIS The ability to compare a fingerprint found
  at the crime scent with a criminal fingerprint
  computer data base
• Cold Searches searching a data base of several
  million prints against a single latent print in
  about 10 minutes

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LATENT PRINTS

• CHANCE IMPRESSIONS
• REQUIRE TRANSFER MEDIUM
• ENVIRONMENT DEPENDENT

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Fingerprint Visualization

• At the Crime Scene
• Dust and Lift (powders various colors)
• Magnabrush (iron filings and powder)
• In the Laboratory
• Ninhydrin for paper
• Superglue in tank (sometimes at scene)
• Other (physical developer, etc.)

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NINHYDRIN EXAMPLE
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AFIS HIT EXAMPLE
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FINGERPRINT LAB

• PART TWO
• C. Your Inked or pencil Prints
• What fingerprint patterns ?
• Enlarged print (at least one characteristic)
• D. Super Glue
• 1 item- glass slide

• PART ONE TODAY
• A. Black Powder
• 2 different surfaces
• Smooth glass slide and tile
• B. Magnetic Powder
• 2 different surfaces
• Smooth glass slide and tile

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E. Evidence Sample

• Everyone will get an item to process for
  fingerprints using techniques you have learned/
  MUST LIFT A PRINT
• HOWEVER!!! MUST SWAB BOTTLE FOR SALIVA FIRST
  (lightly moistened swab)
• Allow swab to dry while you work on item
• When dry package in envelope
• Once swabbed, dry the swab and then place into
  envelope and fill out the chain of custody
• Be sure to take notes on the evidence and sketch
  on the card.

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REMINDERS

• MAKING A LATENT PRINT VISIBLE
• Place some powder in lid, not too much, circular
  sweeping motion, just grazing surface

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REMINDERS

• LIFTING A LATENT PRINT ONTO A FINGERPRINT CARD

Fingerprint card glossy side Dont forget info on
other side!
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SOURCES

• Criminalistics/ Chapter 14 / Saferstein
• http//www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/org/lpu.htm
• http//www.onin.com/fp/
• Kendall FG, Rehn BW. 1983. Rapid Method of Super
  Glue Fuming Application for the Development of
  Latent Fingerprints. Journal of Forensic Science.
  28(3) 777-780.
• Lewis, LA. et al. 2001. Processes involved in the
  development of latent fingerprints using the
  cyanoacrylate fuming method. Journal of Forensic
  Science. 46(2) 241-246
• California Dept. Justice/ Physical Evidence
  bulletin-PEB 16-17
• International Association of Identification
• (IAI)-gt http//www.theiai.org