Predation

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Predation
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Species Interaction
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Predator
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Prey
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Predation

• When an individual captures, kills and consumes
  another individual prey.
• Prey The individual eaten by the predator

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Predators, Prey and Natural Selection

• Natural Selection, the major mechanism of
  evolution, favors adaptations that improve
  efficiency of predators at finding, capturing and
  consuming prey
• Preys survival depends on their ability to avoid
  being captured.

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Mimicry

• When harmless species resemble a dangerous
  species

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Camouflage
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Coral Snake
Red to yellow kill a fellow Red to black venom
lack
King Snake
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Plant Herbivore interactions

• Plants also try to avoid being eaten by making
  secondary compounds that are poisonous.

Leaves of three let them be.
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Parasitism

• Resembles predation in that one individual is
  harmed and one benefits.
• Parasites feed on individuals known as a host,
  but they usually do not kill their host.

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• Ectoparasites- live on the outside of the body
• Endoparasites live on the inside of the body

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Adaptations of parasites

• Natural Selection favors adaptations that allow
  the parasite to exploit the host

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Competition

• Results from a fundamental niche overlap.
• (fundamental niche) what an organism could eat.
• Competitive Exclusion When one organism uses
  resources more efficiently than another.

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Competition and Community Structure
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Mutualism

• Mutualism is a cooperative relationship in
  which both species derive some benefit.
• Ex. Pollinators- get pollen and plants are
  fertilized
• .

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Commensalism

• Commensalism- is an interaction where one species
  benefits and the other has no benefit.

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