Lecture 9 Malignant tumor and Nutrition

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Lecture 9Malignant tumor and Nutrition
The maximum Japanese cause of one's death
terminal cancer is feared because of incurable
and acute pain
Generation
Growing
Proliferation
Growing years
About 10-20 years
About 1-5 years
Size of Cancer cell
Early
Progress
Inspection by PET-CT
Normal inspection
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Annual transition of Japanese leading causes of
death
Ratio that occupies it to all deaths ()
Others
Unexpected accident Decrepitude Affection of the
liver
Pneumonia
Cerebrovascular disease
Heart Disease
Cancer
Tuberculosis
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Three million cancer patients and 300,000 cancer
death people
Death order of malignant tumor by sex
Number of examples of liver by sex cancer syndrome
Men
Men
Women
age
Number of deaths for 100,000 men
Age of cancer
Lung, Stomach, Liver, Large intestines, Gullet
Women
Death by infectious disease
Number of deaths for 100,000 women
(unit Number of 100)
The middle and advanced aged human is attacked by
Cancer
Stomach, Large intestines, Lung, Liver, Breast
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Benign tumor and malignant tumor
Benign tumor Malignant tumor
Growing slow fast
Bounary Clear(Expansiveness) Not clear(Wettability)
Metastasis none there
Cell Differentiation Aberrant type (Irregularity)
Whole body nourishment No influence Trouble strong cachexia
Surface Smoothness Irregularity
Movability lot few
Cancer gene A little change Activation
Tumor suppressor gene Flawlessness Disappearance
Yasuo KAGAWA. Nourishment biochemistry KAGAWA
Nutrition publishing, 1970, p.276
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Healthy cells are regular. The cancer cell is
disorderly
Cervix part of womb cancer cell
Cervix part of womb healthy cell
Cancer cell that seems not to be bad (Breast
cancer)
Good cell that seems to be bad (Mammary gland
syndrome)
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It is thought that cancer (It is malignant
tumorous accurately) happens for the wound to
adhere to the gene, and to lose the control of
the division with a normal cell. "Carcinogenic
gene" that causes cancer is being discovered
about 200 kinds now, controls the cell
proliferation, and about 20 kinds are known as
for "Tumor suppressor gene" that perceives
abnormality and restores the abnormality. These
genes pile the mutation, and it appears as a
sickness that man is made to die. It is thought
that it takes time of 15?30 year by the time it
counts backward from the speed of the cancer-cell
multiplication, one cancer cell is generated, and
the human is defeated
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Cancer happens because of the change (mutation)
in the gene of a normal soma. This is called an
initiation
The occurrence of cancer and abnormality of gene
Nucleus
Base sequence
Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine
Cell
Abnormality
Cancer cell
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Passage of carcinogenesisThe long tract of
years hangs until getting cancer visible from the
mutation of a gene
Appearance of symptom
Clinical period
Impossible to discover
Precancerous change to a morbid state
Possible to discover
Healthy Cell
Cancer Cell
Early Stage Cancer
Progress Cancer
Initiation ? Promotion ? Progrestion
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Oncogene and tumor suppressor gene
Cell
Control gene (Brake)
Cancer gene (accelerator)
Make to cancer
Making to cancer happens because of both the
oncogene and the tumor suppressor gene mutations
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There are an initiator (thing to cause the
initiation) and promoter (thing to cause
promotion) in the cancer field material in food
The material (mutation field material) that
causes the gene abnormality is called and the
material that proliferates "Initiator" and a good
cancer cell is called "Promoter". "Initiator"
includes radiation and ultraviolet rays, virus,
and fish's scorch scorching etc. The female
hormone and bile acid, high salinity, cigarette,
artificial sweetener, agricultural chemicals
(DDT?BHC), and PCB, etc. are known to "Promoter".
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Metastasis of cancer and proliferation with
newborn blood vessel
Proliferation of cancer with newborn blood vessel
Blood vessel
Metastasis
blockading with the bead
Newborn Blood vessel
Anticancer agent
Cancer cell
It reaches the cancer cell, and nourishment and
oxygen are replenished
The material that urges a newborn blood vessel
is discharged
Proliferation is started at a dash
Progression
Starting a newborn Blood vessel
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The main tumor marker of cancer according to
internal organs
Malignant Lymphoma
Nerve, retinoblastoma
receptor
Soluble
Gullet
Thyroid gland
Lung
Adenocarcinoma, Large cell
Sifla
calcitonin
Breast
thyroglobulin
squamous cell
Sifra
Small cell
Bile duct, Gallbladder
Liver
antigen
AFPa Fetoprotein
Pancreas
Stomach
Colon, Rectum
antigen
antigen
Womb
Kidney
Ferritin
Villus
Ovary
Bladder, Urinary duct
Osteosarcoma
antigen
Testicle
Prostate gland
Internal serection
Amino protein
Various hormones
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Necessity of oxygen, DNA mutation caused by
active oxygen and aging promotion
Nucleur
Telomere
Coupon ticket Of division
Vitamin C Vitamin E Manganese
Mitochondria
Zinc Copper
Mutation
Restoration
Resolution
Active oxygen
Chromosome
Promotion of telomere reduction
Mitochondria
Division promotion by excessive nourishment and
mutation caused by active oxygen
Active energy
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the generation of an active oxygen and a free
radical and balance of defense
Active Oxygen
antioxidant
Active Oxygen
antioxidant
Injury doesn't occur even if an active oxygen
and a free radical have been generated
Injury is generated. Oxidation stress
Various diseases are caused
The defense response is caused
Adaptive response etc
Aging, Carcinogenesis, Arteriosclerosis,
Diabetic, Nephritis, Cataract, Fat hepatitis etc
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In cancer, meal and the cigarette are often causes
Cause of cancer
Alcohol
Smoking
Food additive
Medicine
Industrial products
Infection
Unknown
Radiation
Occupation environment
Sex act
Meal
Ultraviolet rays
Pollution
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Stomach Cancer, Large intestine cancer, Breast
cancer
Lung cancer, Larynx cancer, Esophagus cancer
Presumption value of the best
Medicine, Medical Industrial Products Food
additive Environmental Pollution Geological
features and physical factor Alcohol Occupation
Sex life (Birth. etc) Infection Smoking Food
Cervical cancer Liver cancer
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Factor of stomach cancer foods(WCRF,1997)
Level of evidence High risk factor Control factor Irrelevance
Certainly Probably Possibility Insufficiency Salt Starch Broiled meat and fish Preservation meats such as smoked food and dryness Nitrosoamine Vegetables Fruits Freezing and refrigeration preservations Vitamin C Carotine Allium compound All grain cereals Green tea Fiber Selenium Garlic Alcohol Coffee Tea Nitrate Sugar Vitamin E Retinol
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Relation to cancer related to drinking custom
a and drinking mortality rate
Times
Non-smoker Smoker
No alcohol sometimes 180ml 2days 180ml
everyday 360ml everyday 720ml everyday
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Internal organs was excised surgically greatly in
the past and it prevented a recurrence. However,
it human treats by radiotherapy that keeps
qualify of life (QOL).
Ioni- zing
Ionizing radiation
Sec.
Radical formation
Sec.
Natural radioactivity 1mSv/year
Ion
Chemical reaction
Sec.
Molecule
Direct action
Especially, the HO radical etc. can be done with
the water molecule
Secondary ereclron
Indirect action
A general person during year is 1mSv. The medic
assumes 100mSv or less for five years
Biomolecular resolution and constructing a
bridge such as DNA, etc
Stochastic effect
Nonstochastic effect
Various following changes
Inheritance, carcinogenesis, and aging
The X-ray check is avoided until 2 weeks and 15
weeks of the pregnancy before the menstruation
Sperm
Lymphocyte
Lymphocyte and a sperm decrease (The number of
red blood corpuscles doesn't decrease at once
because it has a long life)
Sweat gland
hair
It is necessary to nurse strong Anorexia and
other symptoms in a large amount of irradiation
It appears by 5Sv1 1Sv several-time times
Erythema and depilation (The hands and feet's
irradiation is not fatal)
Skin
Because the infection resistance power
decreases, it puts in an aseptic sickroom, and
the antibiotic and the antibody are used
It irradiates it to cancer 20 times for two
months 3Sv
Cancer organization
The ratio of amount of the focus gland/amount
of the skin gland is raised by the multi gate
irradiation etc
Death of bone narrow
Transfusion with marrow 1.5L which the HLA
antigen is near. A normal blood corpuscle is made
from the stem cell 1-3 months after
Lethal dose of whole body (Infection death in
several weeks)
Marrow (blood formation)
The cell of leukemia is irradiated by the twice
the lethal dose and the bone marrow
transplantation killing afterwards
Death of digestive tube
(Several days after, Diarrhea)
Digestive tube
The organ of importance such as gonads protects
only cutting while irradiating it
Death of Lung
A day after
Death of central nerve
more
Several seconds-several minutes
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Early detection and treatment by new and
powerful machines
Helical CT
Lung cancer of one centimeter in diameter
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Bad change in food group intake (1995?2002)
A decrease in necessary food intake for cancer
prevention
Amount of increase and decrease
()
Beans
Seafood
Potato
Brightly colored vegetables
Healthy Japan 21,Tentative nearest results value
in healthy Japan 21 to target value (2005),
Available from lthttp//ml-www.kenkounippon21.gr.jp
/kenkounippon21/ugoki/houkoku/pdf/0410mokuhyou_zan
teiti.pdfgt, (accessed 2007-11-4)
22
Japan-U.S. comparison of consumption of vegetable
a person
The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries ?Food supply and demand figures?
Japan
US
a year)
1985 1990 1995 2000
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Transition of death rate by cancer
Morbidity rate
US
per 100,000 people
per 100,000 people
Death rate
US NCI
Japan
Death rate
per 100,000 people
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
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Lets eat vegetable and fruit everyday!
LIFE
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Accomplishment rate 250 in the cancer field
of healthy people 2000. (green) A vegetable
intake decrease of Japan. The idea of the
adult smoking reducing by half was deleted in
healthy Japan 21. The cigarette of Japan is
270 yen a box. Is Europe and America 700-900
yen a box
??????
??/??????
Vegetable and grain intake increase
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To prevent Cancer 12 Point(The Ministry of
Health, Labor and Welfare)
It makes to the table with various foods, and
nourishment where be able the balance is taken.
It will be conventional. Eating habits with the
change are done every day
It eats the salty one few, and after it cools it,
it eats the too hot one. Treat the stomach and
the gullet kindly
A burned part is avoided. The mutation is caused
The delicious one is made a proper quantity. The
overeating is avoided, and fat is done with
unassuming modesty
The one that mold grew is noted. It checks it
without fail before it eats
Alcohol healthily enjoys the proper quantity
It doesn't get some sun too much. The sun is a
little harmful
No smoking is borne in mind. Especially, a new
smoking habit is stopped
Let's throw a good sweat. and exercise moderately
Enough brightly colored vegetables are taken. A
lot of vitamin of proper quantity and fibered
things are taken from food
Health mind! The body to cleanness
Yasuo KAGAWA. Easy nourishment study KAGAWA
Nutrition publishing, 2006, p.139