The Peopling of the World Prehistory

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The Peopling of the WorldPrehistory 2500 B.C.

• Chapter 1

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What do you see in this picture?
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Anthropologist vs. Archeolog
ist
Study of other cultures.
Study of historic or prehistoric peoples and
their cultures by analysis of their artifacts.
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Stone Age

• Split into two parts
• 1) Paleolithic Age 2.5 million to 8000 B.C.
• 2) Neolithic Age 8000 B.C. 3000 B.C.

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Where were early humans from?
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(No Transcript)
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•    

Neandertal      modern Homo sapiens
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How did those early people survive?

• Nomads were hunter-gathers

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Role of Women vs. Men

• Gathered fruits, berries, roots and grasses.
• Took care of children.

• Hunted

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Neolithic Revolution

• Also called Agricultural Revolution
• Shift from food-gathering to food-producing.

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What caused Agricultural Revolution?

• 1) Change in climate.
• 2) Supply of grain.
• 3) Pressure to support growing population.

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Where Agricultural Revolution took place
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Eastern North America
China
Fertile Crescent
Nile valley
West Africa
Mesoamerica
New Guinea
Ethiopia
Andes
Amazonia
Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE,
farming appeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of
places, possibly in all of the places marked in
red on the map.
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One of the major changes is reflected in this
frieze on a wall in Mesopotamia (today Iraq)
which reflects the DOMESTICATION of
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What does all this mean?

• People started farming.
• People no longer on the move.
• More food led to population growth.
• Led to start of civilizations.

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SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION means that not
everyone has to grow food or tend animals. They
can take on other tasks. They can specialize in
some non-farming task.
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Domestication of Plants and Animals
Farming
Population Intensification
Surplus Food
Specialization
Complex Society, also known as CIVILIZATION