Seedless%20Reproduction

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Seedless Reproduction

• Unit 7 Lesson 2 Notes

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Seedless Reproduction

• Seedless plants plants that do not produce
  seeds. They include all nonvascular and some
  vascular plants.
• Millions of years ago, most plants on Earth were
  vascular seedless plants

Vascular means VEINS!
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Nonvascular vs. Vascular

• Nonvascular plants plants that do not have
  structures that transport water and substances
  throughout the plant. Instead water and
  substances simply move from cell to cell.

4
Moss Cells
Osmosis
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Nonvascular vs. Vascular

• Vascular plants plants that have tubelike cells
  (called the xylem and phloem) that transport
  water and substances throughout the plant.

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Nonvascular/Vascular Seedless Plants

• Nonvascular Examples
• Algae
• Moss

• Vascular Example
• Ferns

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All About Algae

• Is algae good or bad?
• What are we using algae for in todays society?

Oligotrophic Lake
Eutrophic Lake
Algae For Fuel
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Nonvascular Seedless Plants

• The Moss Cycle Moss plants have a life cycle
  that illustrates typical sexual reproduction in
  nonvascular seedless plants.

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Zygote (2n)
Gametophyte (n)
Moss Video
Sex Cells (n)
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Vascular Seedless Plants

• Most vascular seedless plants are ferns.

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Vascular Seedless Plants

• Fern sporophyte plants have fronds that grow from
  an underground stem called a rhizome.
• Fern spores are produced in sori, which are
  usually on the underside of fronds.
• A fern spore that lands in a favorable
  environment grows into a gametophyte plant called
  a prothallus.

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Vascular Seedless Plants

• Sex cells form in the prothallus.
• When fertilization occurs, the zygote starts the
  sporophyte stage.
• Ferns may reproduce asexually when rhizomes form
  new branches and are separated from the main
  plant.

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A. Meiosis takes place to produce thousands of
spores.
Gametophyte
Sporophyte
B. Spores are ejected. They grow into a
gametophyte plant.
E. The zygote is the beginning of the sporophyte
stage and grows into the familiar fern plant.
Fern Life Cycle Diagram
D. Water is needed for the sperm to swim to the
egg. Fertilization occurs and a zygote is
produced.
C. The prothallus contains the male and female
reproductive structures.
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Epic Fern