Seedless Plants

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Seedless Plants
12.2
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Nonvascular Seedless
MOSS

• Live in damp places
• Cells must get water directly from the
  environment
• Dont have true roots, stems, leaves
• They have other structures that carry out those
  activities

LIVERWORT
HORNWORT
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Mosses

• Live in large groups
• Cover soil rocks like a mat
• Leafy stalks
• Rhizoids rootlike structures that hold
  nonvascular plants in place

Male
Female
Sporophyte
Spores
Gametophytes
Gametophyte
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Liverworts Hornworts

• Small
• Damp places
• Similar life cycle to mosses
• Rhizoids
• Most have broad flattened gametophytes

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Nonvascular Plants are important!

• Usually the 1st plants to live in an environment
• Reduce soil erosion
• Food for animals
• Bedding/nesting for animals
• Peat mosses can be used as fuel
• Peat mosses used in potting soils

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Vascular Seedless

• Ferns
• Horsetails
• Club mosses
• Grew very large in ancient forests

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Ferns

• Grow in cold and warm environments
• Most small
• Some as high as 80
• Rhizome underground stem that makes new roots
  leaves
• Leaves are called fronds

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Horsetails

• Horsetails as tall as 26
• Most are smaller
• Wet, marshy places
• Hollow stems with silica (gritty texture)
• Used to scrub pots pans

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Club Mosses

• NOT actually mosses
• Unlike mosses, they have vascular tissue
• Up to 20cm tall
• Grow in woodlands

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Why important?

• Help form soil
• Prevent erosion
• Popular houseplants
• Horsetails used in some dietary supplements,
  shampoos, and skin-care products
• 300 million yrs. ago they formed coal

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The End!