Religion and Sexuality

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Religion and Sexuality

• A Comparison
• The Shakers, The Oneida Community, and The
  Mormons
• And other communities

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Todays Agenda

• Objective To examine the various utopian
  societies founded and the values they encouraged.
• Essential Skill Explicitly assess information
  and draw conclusions.

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Review

• With your group sort the terms, figures,
  movements into categories
• Make sure you are able to identify/define each
  term
• Discuss the connection among them

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What is a Utopia?

• Why were these utopias founded?
• What values did the societies promote and why
  were they alluring?

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Utopian Communities gt Burned Over District
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The Shakers

• Mother Ann Lee
• The major tenant of the Shaker faith was a belief
  in celibacy and no marriage
• Shaker men and women lived separately in various
  communities within the United States.

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Shakers
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The Oneida Community

• John Noyes
• The Oneida Community was based on the belief that
  monogamy caused jealousy and was the basis for
  the worlds evils.
• They practiced group marriage and believed in
  perfectionism

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Mansion House A sprawling, resplendent building,
it formed the center of the Oneida Communitys
life and was a stunning specimen of
mid-nineteenth-century architectural and
engineering achievement.
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Oneida
                                               
                                                  
 

• Eugenics
• Criticism
• Complex marriage
• Birth Control
• Made steel traps
• Silverware

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The Mormons

• Joseph Smith claimed that God had revealed golden
  tablets of the Book of Mormon.
• Became firmly established in Illinois.
• Driven out and Joseph Smith killed.

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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
(The Mormons)

• Migrated to Utah (Salt Lake City) under Brigham
  Young.
• The Mormons believed in the practice of polygamy
  until the late nineteenth century.
• Utah War with the federal government
• Utah admitted to the Union (1896) after polygamy
  had been repudiated formally
• World religion today

Mitt Romney
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Robert Owen New Harmony

• New Harmony, Indiana
• Other Owenites settled in Economy, PA., where
  their sect survived into the early 1900s.
• Communistic colony. A cultural and scientific
  center attracted many noted scientists,
  educators, and writers.
• Dissension arose failed in 1828.The town
  remained an intellectual center.

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Vision of New Harmony

• The nations first
• kindergarten
• free public school (equal for boys and girls)
• free library

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Brook Farm, Massachusetts

• Founded by George Ripley, a Unitarian minister.
• Cooperative living.
• financed by a joint-stock company
• Unitarianism and Transcendentalism
• Intellectual living
• Nathaniel Hawthorne
• Wrote Blithedale Romance
• Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, and Horace
  Greeley also visited.
• Collapsed Fire and debt

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Utopias vs. Distopias

• Why did they ultimately fail?

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• What did the establishment of these utopian and
  religious communities reflect about American
  society?
• Have we seen efforts to establish similar
  communities in recent times?