Lithuanian Electricity Supply

1
Lithuanian Electricity Supply

• Assignment 3
• to be announced
• February 17, due March 8
• MSE 290

2
Reading for Feb 17 Class

• National Energy Strategy, prepared by the
  Lithuanian Energy Institute, 2003.
• Available on class website.
• Page references on following slides refer to this
  document.

3
Agreements on the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant
(NPP) and Oil Reserves

• These two units generated 76-86 of electricity
  for Lithuania in last 5 years (p. 20)
• Unit 1 being taken out of service now.
• Unit 2 to be taken out of service by the end of
  2009 (page 5)
• Build up a 90 day stock of petroleum products by
  2009 (page 5).

4
Alternatives to Ignalina NPP

• Oil (mostly imported, p. 36)
• Natural gas (pipeline from Russia most
  promising fossil fuel, page 32 )
• Coal (very little used now)
• Hydro note there is controversy, as with
  nuclear (p.4). Lith. Has some hydro, pumped
  storage.
• Consideration of modern nuclear starting 2010
  (see page 19, Fig 4.11 page 23)
• Renewables (from 9 up to 12 by 2010? p. 12,38)
• Buy electricity from neighbors (see 8, p. 12,
  25-26)
• Increased energy efficiency/reduced intensity (p.
  39)

5
Some of the Issues to be Considered

• Economic costs capital, fuel, operation and
  maintenance, efficiency/heat rate
• Financing, including contribution of capital from
  outside Lithuania (EU, G7) for replacement of
  nuclear generation and decommissioning of
  Ignalina NPP and management of nuclear waste.
  (see p. 8. See also p. 28-privatization)
• Security of supply, for fuel or imported power.
  90 of primary energy now from one supplier (page
  10)
• Environmental Air pollution, water pollution,
  and waste disposal (Meet requirements or exceed
  requirements? Flue gas cleaning on new plants,
  old plants?)
• Safety the RBMK reactor until it is taken out of
  service, other nuclear? Fossil fuel alternatives
  gas, LNG?
• System stability transmission and distribution
  issues, district heating (old system needs to be
  rebuilt new cogeneration (CHP) plants may be
  needed in cities).
• Transition to market economy.

6
Issues (continued)

• Lithuanias energy strategy should take into
  account global energy development trends, as well
  as trends and basic provisions in energy sector
  development in European Union countries (page 8
  see other provisions as well)
• As the result of dependence on imports of
  primary energy resources, the economy of
  Lithuania is highly dependent on the general
  situation in global energy resource markets. (p.
  9)