Water Pollution

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Water Pollution

• Chapter 21

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Major water pollutants

• Infectious agents
• Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasites
• Source human and animal waste
• Effect - disease

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Major water pollutants

• Oxygen Demanding Wastes
• Organic waste like manure and plant debris
• Effect decomposing bacteria population soars,
  leads to lower dissolved oxygen

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Major water pollutants

• Inorganic chemicals
• Water soluble acids, metals (Pb, As, Se, Hg), and
  salts
• Source surface runoff, industrial effluent,
  household cleansers
• Effect degrade drinking water, skin cancer,
  damage nervous system, lower crop yield, corrode
  structures

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Major water pollutants

• Organic chemicals
• Oil, gasoline, plastics, pesticides, solvents,
  detergents
• Source industrial effluents, household
  cleansers, runoff from agriculture and yards
• Effect nervous system damage, reproductive
  disorders, cancer (oil, gas, solvents)

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Major water pollutants

• Plant Nutrients
• Nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium ions
• Source sewage, manure, runoff urban and
  agricultural
• Effect cultural eutrophication, drinking water
  with excess nitrates lowers oxygen carrying
  capacity of blood

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Major water pollutants

• Sediment
• Soil, silt
• Source land erosion
• Effect cloud water (less photosynthesis),
  disrupt food webs, carry pesticides, cover
  breeding areas, fill lakes prematurely

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Major water pollutants

• Radioactive Materials
• Iodine, radon, uranium, cesium, and thorium
• Source nuclear power plants, mining, nuclear
  weapons, natural sources
• Effect genetic mutations, miscarriages, birth
  defects

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Major water pollutants

• Heat
• Source water cooling of power plants,
  industrial effluent
• Effect less dissolved oxygen, more vulnerable
  to disease, quick change cause thermal shock

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