Ethos, Pathos and Logos

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Ethos, Pathos and Logos
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There are 3 key ways to appeal to and persuade an
audience.  The three ways are byethos, pathos
and logos.  These 3 ways are called Persuasive
Appeals
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Again, three methods of persuasion are

• ethos
• pathos
• logos

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ETHOS

• Ethos is a persons credibility with a given
  audience.
• It can mean sincerity, authority, expertise,
  faithfulness, or any adjective that describes
  someone you can trust to do the right thing.

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Ethos 

• Ethos is related to the English word ethics and
  refers to the trustworthiness of the
  speaker/writer. 
• Ethos is an effective persuasive strategy because
  when we believe that the speaker does not intend
  to do us harm, hurt , or lie to us we are more
  willing to believe what they have to say

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ETHOS Example George Foreman and his Grilling
Machine

• Things to Consider when determining Ethos
• Career Boxer
• Specialty Fitness
• Trustworthiness Preacher, too!
• These things make him credible and can persuade
  the people to buy his machine

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PATHOS

• Pathos appeals rely on emotions and feelings to
  persuade the audience
• They are often direct, simple, and very powerful

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Pathos

• Pathos is related to the words pathetic, sympathy
  and empathy. 
• Whenever you accept what someone says based on
  how it makes you feel without fully analyzing the
  reasoning you are acting on pathos- emotions
  love, fear, patriotism, guilt, hate, joy etc.
•  

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PATHOS CAN.

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• Touch a nerve and compel/make people to not only
  listen, but to also take the next step and act in
  the world.

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Identify the PATHOS appeals?

• America's older citizens have rightly been
  called the "greatest generation." It is morally
  unacceptable that the people that built this
  country -- our senior citizens -- should suffer
  hunger in a land of plenty, which they helped to
  create.
• -from Americas Second Harvest program

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• America's older citizens have rightly been
  called the "greatest generation." It is morally
  unacceptable that the people that built this
  country -- our senior citizens -- should suffer
  hunger in a land of plenty, which they helped to
  create.
• -from Americas Second Harvest program

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LOGOS

• Logos appeals rely on the audiences intelligence
  to persuade them.
• Education causes audiences to be more skeptical
  of emotional arguments and more receptive to
  logos

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Logos

• The Greek word logos is the basis for the English
  word logic.   
• Logos refers to any attempt to appeal to the
  intellect, the general meaning of "logical
  argument." 
• Everyday arguments rely heavily on ethos and
  pathos, but academic arguments rely more on
  logos there will be logical chains of reasoning
  supporting all claims.

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Where do you see a LOGOS appeal?

• NASA sees its mission to explore Mars as an
  endeavor to seek out the possibility of life on
  that planet. Knowing if water was on Mars is the
  first step in this research.

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• NASA sees its mission to explore Mars as an
  endeavor to seek out the possibility of life on
  that planet. Knowing if water was on Mars is the
  first step in this research.

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Where do you notice PATHOS and LOGOS appeals?

• The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge provides a
  safe refuge for 180 species of migratory birds,
  serves as a birthing ground for one of the
  hemisphere's largest caribou herds and has been
  home to the Gwinch'in people for a thousand
  generations. Ninety-five percent (95) of
  Alaska's North Slope is already available to Big
  Oil, but these companies want it all.

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• The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge provides a
  safe refuge for 180 species of migratory birds,
  serves as a birthing ground for one of the
  hemisphere's largest caribou herds and has been
  home to the Gwinch'in people for a thousand
  generations. Ninety-five percent (95) of
  Alaska's North Slope is already available to Big
  Oil, but these companies want it all.

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These appeals are prevalent in all arguments.
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Warm-up Copy- Ways to Notice Persuasion

• Annotate the text as you read.
• Be an active reader! Ask questions, clarify and
  evaluate.
• --------------------------------------------------
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• Assignment to practice noticing persuasion (14
  answers)
• Re-read Women should kill their own spiders,
  and I Want a Wife
• Find, copy (exact quote) and label an example of
  logos, pathos and ethos in each text. 3 exs 2
  texts 6 total quotes
• Explain for logos- whether the quote uses
  examples, anecdotes, cause effect and/ or
  problems solutions
• Explain for ethos Why is this writer
  credible?
• Explain for pathos- What emotion is targeted ?
• 3. Write down what persuasive strategy each text
  uses the most (logos, pathos or ethos) one
  answer per text