The Birth of Persuasion Ethos, Pathos, Logos Notes

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The Birth of PersuasionEthos, Pathos, Logos Notes

• Create Cornell notes on page _______
• In your interactive notebook
• Page 23 and 24.

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How to do cornell notes
All Questions or titles of each slide go on the
left, and your notes/answers go on the
write. When you see this Take notes
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Journal PromptComplete on page 16, when done go
back to your notes on page 23 for the rest of
this power point

• What do you need to be a leader? What
  characteristics?
• Answer in at least 5 sentences.

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What do you need to be a leader?

• In order to LEAD, you must understand how to work
  with people.
• In order to LEAD, you must understand how people
  think.
• In order to LEAD, you must understand how to have
  your opinion heard.
• In order to LEAD, you must understand how to
  convince others to act or to believe as you want
  them to.

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Where did the birth of persuasion begin?

• It began with The Dead Greeks.
• Greeceknown for the birth of Western
  Civilization
• Around 2,300 years ago
• Socrates taught Plato
• taught Aristotle
• Believed that argument and debate were the
  highest form of discussion
• Debate revealed highest ideals or truths-would
  happen throughout Greece.
• Ability to argue both sides of an issue was an
  admirable trait.

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Socrates

• Invented intangible thingsart of philosophical
  discussion
• Inherited money from father
• Spent life engaging young people from wealthy
  family in Athens in discussions
• Questioned their confidence in the truth of
  popular opinions
• Religion, politics

• Youthloved him Adultswere leery of his
  influence
• Eventually convicted of corrupting youth and
  meddling with religion.
• Before being put to death for his crime
  committed suicide

We know what these men looked like because art of
the time exists today.
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Plato

• Studied under Pythagoras and Socrates
• Est. own academy in Athens to pass on
  mathematical theories and the philosophical
  vision of Socrates
• Tackled questions of morality

• Can virtue be taught? Is it ever justified to
  defy the rules of the state?
• Discussed the virtues of wisdom, courage,
  moderation, different forms of government, and
  the idea of a perfect society

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Aristotle

• Spent 20 years at Platos Academy
• Became a teacher after Platos death and opened
  own school in Athens
• Spent life examining topics of logic, philosophy,
  ethics, physics, biology, politics, and rhetoric
• Rhetoric-art of using words effectively in
  speaking and writing

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Use of These Ideas Today

• First AmendmentFounders of US believed in
  freedom of speech importance of discussion
• CongressBefore a bill is passed, there must be
  discussion, argument, and debate. Senators and
  Congressmen can change their minds based on the
  debates.

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According to the Greeks, what are the best ways
to argue or persuade?

• The 3 Modes of Persuasion
• (According to Aristotle)
• ALL persuasive arguments, that are good, include
  all 3 (including writing and speaking)
• Ethos
• Pathos
• Logos

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What is Ethos?

• EthosEthics
• Base of English word ethics
• Principles of right and wrong
• Ethos relates to the writer who must be
  trustworthy and honest. Make sure your resources
  are reliable and respectable.
• Writer must be believable in order for reader to
  listen to an argument.

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Ethos

• When writing persuasively
• Do not use overblown language or exaggeration
• Show that you have considered the other point of
  view (counter argument)
• Acknowledge the good arguments that support the
  opposing view and point out any flaws in the
  arguments or explain how your arguments outweigh
  the other side.
• This makes you more believable.
• This also give you the opportunity to point out
  any flaws in the arguments of the other side or
  to explain how your arguments outweigh those from
  the other side. (Rebuttal)

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Ethos

• Questions to think about when using Ethos
• Does the audience respect you?
• Does the audience believe you are of good
  character?
• Does the audience believe you are generally
  trustworthy?
• Does the audience believe you are an authority on
  this speech topic?

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Consider the ethos of each of these people.
What are some examples of Ethos?

• Thinking questions What are some items that
  would be helped by them promoting them? What are
  some that would be hurt?
• Rosa Parks
• Selena
• President Obama
• Queen Latifah
• Peyton Manning
•  Lionel Messi
• Marge Simpson

Notes for your Notebook. Choose 2 and write your
thoughts
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What is Pathos?

• Stands for emotion
• Good arguments appeal to the emotions
• Uses images and stories to pull at our emotions
• Soften and humanize facts and statistics
• A paper on Alzheimers disease would be more
  effective if you include a story about your
  grandfather who struggled with the disease.

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Pathos

• Do your words evoke feelings of love?
  sympathy? fear?
• Do your visuals evoke feelings of compassion?
  envy?
• Does your characterization of the competition
  evoke feelings of hate? contempt?
• Look at the handout lets think.what exactly is
  pathos?

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What is an example of Pathos?

• As we review a sample speech that contains
  pathos, write down 2 examples in your notebook.
• Make sure you can explain why they are examples
  of pathos.

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Using Pathos to Build Bridges

• Use emotions to connect with readers, to assure
  them that you understand their experiences, or to
  feel their pain
• The following is an example of an anecdote by
  Steve Jobs, Apples founder, at a 2005
  commencement ceremony. He begins by telling the
  audience that he doesnt have a fancy speech,
  just three stories from his life. Here is one

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• My second story is about love and loss. I was
  lucky. I found what I loved to do early in life.
  Woz and I started apple in my parents garage
  when I was twenty. We worked hard and in ten
  years, Apple had grown from just the two of us in
  a garage into a 2 billion company with over
  4,000 employees. Wed just released our fines
  creating, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and Id
  just turned thirty, and then I got fired. How
  can you get fired from a company you started?

EXAMPLE OF PATHOS SPEECH. THINK Why is this
pathos?
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• Well, Apple grew, we hired someone who I thought
  was very talented to run the company with me, and
  for the first year or so, things went well. But
  then our visions of the future began to diverge,
  and eventually we ad a falling out. When we did,
  our board of directors sided with him, and so at
  thirty, I was out, and very publically out.
• I didnt see it then, but it turned out that
  getting fired from Apple was the best thing that
  could have ever happened to me.

EXAMPLE OF PATHOS SPEECH. THINK Why is this
pathos?
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• The heaviness of being successful was replaced by
  the lightness of being a beginner again, less
  sure about everything. It freed me to enter one
  of the most creative periods in my life. During
  the next five years, I started a company named
  NeXT, another company named Pixar and fell in
  love with an amazing woman who would become my
  wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first
  computer-animated feature film, Toy Story, and
  is now the most successful animation studio in
  the world.

EXAMPLE OF PATHOS SPEECH. THINK Why is this
pathos?
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What is Logos?

• Stands for logic
• Part of the argument based on reason, facts, and
  sound information
• Foundation of a good argument
• Cant have ethos without the logos
• Keeps the pathos from being too sentimental

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Example of Logos?

• If you are trying to get your parents to let you
  spend the night at a friends house, and your
  parents do not know or like your friend. What
  Logos could you use to convince them to let you
  spend the night?
• Write your answer on your notes in 3 sentences or
  in a bulleted list.

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Find examples of ethos, pathos, and logos

• Dear Santa,
• Last year you made my Christmas very happy by
  bringing me an adorable, fluffy white kitty. As
  I am sure you know, because you can see
  everything, I named my kitty Pancho. Pancho and
  I were the best of friends, especially since I
  dont have too many people friends. She and I
  did everything together, or at least until mean
  old Brady Pilber from down the street ran over
  Pancho while speeding in his truck with monster
  wheels.
• As Im sure you already know, I am a good person.
  Dr. Berry, my physics teacher, always says,
  Crystal is such a good kid. I wish there were
  more like her. I also was a loving friend to
  Pancho. I hope that this year for Christmas you
  can bring me another fluffy white kitty, since I
  know that Pancho will never come back.
• Besides wanting a new friend, I am a responsible
  cat owner. I walked Pancho every day and will do
  the same with any new kitty. I also believe in
  cleaning litter boxes every day and feeding cats
  healthy wet food from Science Diet. I will brush
  any new kittys fur every single day and keep her
  claws neatly trimmed. Santa, I think you can
  clearly see that I would be an excellent
  candidate for a new kitty.

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Extra Notes! What are some Important things you
need to remember about persuasion?

• When persuading
• Have THREE strong reasons why to back up your
  point of view
• Back up the reason by including some of the
  following
• Facts
• Expert Opinions
• Statistics
• Examples
• Anecdotes

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Get out your Graphic Organizer
Ethos Pathos Logos
Field of Dreams
The American President
Jerry McGuire
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Ethos, Logos, and Pathos in Movies

• Now we are going to watch 3 movie clips from The
  American President, Jerry MaGuire, and Field of
  Dreams.
• You are going to try to identify uses of Ethos,
  Pathos, and Logos.
• Field of Dreams Miracle on Ice
• The American President
• Jerry McGuire
• Remember the Titans

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Lets share and Review
Ethos Pathos Logos
Field of Dreams
The American President
Jerry McGuire
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Summary Final Thoughts

• Create your own example of
• Ethos
• Pathos
• Logs
• Answer
• Summarize your notes.
• Think what did I learn about persuasion?