Ethos, Pathos, and Logos

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Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
CLASSICAL ELEMENTS OF PERSUASION

• Driving Question
• What strategies might we use to convince others
  towards action?

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Ethos--Defined

• A persuasive appeal that establishes credibility
  of the speaker, writer, or source.
• The Greek word ethos is related to the word
  ethics or ethical, but a more accurate modern
  translation might be image (Edlund 2005).

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Ethos--In Action

• Ethos is most often presented by referencing
  other experts, but may be use of statistical
  evidence.
• Example Stephen Curry recommending a
  basketball shoe

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Ethos--In Writing

• Four out of five dentist agree you should use
  this toothbrush.
• As a current Analy student, I have a vested
  interest in the classes offered here.
• According to General Petraeus, we havent seen
  any lights at the end of the tunnel with regards
  to Iraq.

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Pathos--Defined

• A persuasive appeal drawing on an emotional
  response of the audience.
• Aristotle points out emotions such as fear,
  anger, pity, even humor powerfully influence
  our rational judgments (Edlund 2005).

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Pathos--In Action
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Pathos--In Writing

• Loaded language
• Stories
• President Obama used pathos at memorial for
  Arizona shooting victims Referring to nine year
  old Christina Taylor Green, he said, If there
  are rain puddles in heaven, Christina is jumping
  in them today.

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Logos--Defined

• Reasoning or logic.
• Arguments build from one idea/premise to another
  until only one conclusion may be made Yours.

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Logos--In Action

• Includes an extended syllogism (enthymeme)
• Premise 1 All men are mortal
• Premise 2 Socrates is a man
• Conclusion Socrates is mortal

a b
c a
Therefore, c b
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Logos--In Writing

• http//www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/hillarycl
  intonbeijingspeech.htm
• Women should invest more for retirement than men
• (a) women usually live
  longer than men
• (b) women usually earn less
  than men.

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Identify Ethos, Pathos,Logos on your notes

• Army Strong
• Sprint

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• QUESTIONS??

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Your Turn Grab Bag Pitch

• Grab an object from the bag.
• Create a sales pitch for your object. (7-10
  minutes)
• Include ethos, pathos, and/or logos.
• Put an E next to your ethos, P next to your
  pathos, L next to your Logos.
• Give your pitch to your partner. Ask them what
  appeals you used? Have them specify. Reverse
  roles!

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Reflection

• How did you deepen your understanding of ethos,
  pathos, and logos today?
• How might you use ethos, pathos, and/or logos in
  your revision?