Basic Elements of a Graph

1
Basic Elements of a Graph

• Axes Y (vertical), X (horizontal)
• Axis Labels Y (R), X (sessions, days, etc.)
• Units (numbers) for Y and X axes
• Data points X-Y plots representing values of R
  across sessions
• Phase-change lines Vertical lines separating
  experimental conditions
• Phase labels Descriptions of experimental
  conditions

2
Multiple Plot, More than One Set of Data
3
Multiple Plot, Double-Y Axis(Used when data
represent different units of measurement)
4
Bar Graph(Used for Plotting Discontinuous Data)
5
Frequency Plot versus Cumulative Record
Frequency plot Each data-point value is graphed
separately Cumulative record Each data-point
value is added to the previous value
6
Characteristics of Data Evaluated via Graphical
Analysis

• Level Mean (average) value of a set of
  data

7
Characteristics of Data Evaluated via Graphical
Analysis

• Trend Systematic change in level across
  measurements

8
Characteristics of Data Evaluated via Graphical
Analysis

• Variability Degree of fluctuation in a
  data set around its mean

9
Graphing Activity

• Kristen has a problem with spending money, and
  has been known to spend hundreds of dollars on
  unnecessary items ea. day. She decided to track
  her behavior for a week, and then implement an
  intervention in which she would have her
  boyfriend ignore her for the evening each time
  she spent money on unnecessary items. Kristens
  spending data during BL and intervention are
  listed below.
• Baseline Intervention
• 100 50
• 200 100
• 250 100
• 200 25
• 75 25
• 225 50
• 500 0
• 0
• 0
• 0

10
Graphing Activity