The New Deal Chapter 16, section 1

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The New DealChapter 16, section 1
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1932 Election - Turning Point

• The choice of FDR over Hoover was an American
  choice for the federal government to provide
  relief for its citizens.
• THIS IDEA ABOUT OUR GOVERNMENT HAS NOT CHANGED
  SINCE THIS ELECTION.

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• Brain Trust Group of Columbia Professors who
  advised FDR on policy.

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The 1st Hundred Days

• Aka THE NEW DEAL
• Pushed massive legislation through congress
• 1933
• Purpose of the New Deal
• Provide relief
• Create jobs
• Stimulate economy

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March 5th, 1933 - Bank Holiday

• FDR orders all banks to close four 4 days to
  inspect their own financial health.
• Congress passes the Emergency Banking Act which
  authorizes Federal Govt to inspect all bank
  records to ensure banks are making good
  investments.
• 67 of banks reopen by March 15th.
• Govt proclaims them safe secure for Americans
  (even if not all of them were!!!!!)
• People begin bringing their money back to banks.
• Banks can begin loaning out money again.

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New Deal Major Players

• Women and Minorities FDR was the 1st president
  to appoint women and African Americans to major
  government posts

Mary McLeod Bethune Advisor to FDR on African
Americans education
Francis Perkins Secretary of Labor
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Political

• Changed peoples view of the role of government.

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• Eleanor Roosevelt Traveled the country doing PR
  for the Presidents programs.
• (2nd Bonus Army)

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New Deal Criticisms

• Programs had no immediate effect on the nations
  economy
• Progressives didnt do enough for the little man
• Conservatives Made the govt. too powerful.

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FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance
CorporationCreated by the Glass-Stegall Act of
1933.Federal Government guarantees bank
deposits.Gave Americans increased confidence in
the U. S. banking system.
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Securities Exchange CommissionRegulates the
Stock Market
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2nd New Deal 1935-38

• Goals
• More social welfare
• Stricter controls over business
• Stronger support for unions
• Higher taxes for the rich
• FDR was forced to cut back on 2nd New Deal
  Programs because of a rising national debt
  because of deficit spending.

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WPA

• Playgrounds
• schools
• airfields
• artists
• writers

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Rural Electrification

• FDR sought to bring basic amenities to places
  that private industry would not. Eventually 98
  of American farms got electricity thanks to FDR.

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Labor Unions become more powerful

• Wagner Act Legalized collective bargaining
• Closed Shop made it legal for a place of
  business to hire only union workers

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Social Security

• Old age pension
• Unemployment insurance
• Aid for dependants and disabilities

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Election of 1936

• Landslide victory for FDR. He carried every
  state except Maine. Showed Americans still
  thought FDR had the answers even though their
  lives had not improved much.

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Federal Emergency Relief AgencyWork Projects
and unemployment aid
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Civilian Conservation Corps

• Work relief
• Soil conservation and other environmental projects

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NIRA
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Agricultural Adjustment Administration
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TVA
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New Deal is Unconstitutional!

• NIRA (National Industrial Recovery Act)
  reorganizes industry by setting prices,
  production levels, wages, workers rights
• AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act) reorganizes
  agriculture by telling farmers how to farm, what
  to farm, how much to farm, and what will be paid
  for crops

• Supreme court strikes down both the NIRA and the
  AAA as unconstitutional.