Population structure

1
Population structure

• How and why does the age and gender structure of
  populations vary?

2
By the of the lesson

• All pupils will describe a population pyramid in
  terms of shape/ balance of ages/male versus
  female.
• All pupils will recognise that shapes of pyramids
  relate to the different stages on the DTM.
• All pupils will recognise issues, e.g. extreme
  youthful/ageing pyramids.

3
Connector

• With your scatter graphs, divide the graph into
  three sections
• High income
• Middle income
• Low income
• In pairs discuss what the graph is showing and
  annotate it.
• What patterns do you see and why?

4
What is a population pyramid?
Why are they important?
5
http//www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk
/HTMLDocs/dvc1/UKPyramid.html
6
Task Plotting a population pyramid
age Males Females
0 - 4 20 18
5 - 9 16 14
10 -14 13 12
15 - 19 11 10
20 24 9 9
25 29 7 7
30 34 6 6
35 39 4 5
40 44 3 4
45 49 3 3
50 54 2 3
55 59 2 2
60 64 2 2
65 69 1 2
70 74 1 1
75 - 79 1 1
80 1 1

• Plot age on the y axis
• Plot male on one side female on the
  other

20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20
7
Is your population pyramid different to the first
one shown? How?
8
Task Describing a population pyramid
Hint The best way to do it is to break your
pyramid up into three parts see next slide
9
Describe the population pyramid
People of working age (15 64). The main group
of tax payers!
Older people (65). No longer working. Possibly
retired?
Young people (0-14), often those in education.
Unlikely to be employed
Extension What stage of the DTM do you think
this pyramid would represent? Why?
10
There are many different types of population
pyramids.

• Look at the following. What do they tell you
  about a country?

11
Stage 3
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 4
12
Some tips How to read a population pyramid
Concave sides high death rate
Wide base high birth rate
Straight sides Lower death rate so more people
moving into middle age
Blue males Pink females
13
Activity card sort

• In pairs, separate the cards into 4 piles, one
  for each stage.
• Copy them into your books underneath the correct
  pyramid
• Decide which country the general description is
  referring to and put it in the correct column.

14
(No Transcript)
15
Look at the following population pyramids. Which
would be stage 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 on the DMT?

• Task Time 5 mins

16
Look at the three population pyramids for Japan
in 2001, 2010 and 2050. Describe how the
population structure will change over time and
explain what effect this will have on the
country. Task time 10 mins
17
Complete the following sheet

• http//www.geographyalltheway.com/igcse_geography/
  population_settlement/population/imagesetc/igcse_p
  opulation_pyramids.doc

18
How do population pyramids change over time?
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Statements page 2 of 2
S E E

• Life expectancy increases due to improved
  medical care
• Infant mortality drops due to the training of
  extra midwives
• A new more potent genetically modified strain of
  swine flu is released, killing millions of
  children. What affect will this also have in 20
  and 50 years time?

20
Task Exploring the statements
S E E
S E E

• For each statement
• Read the statement above each pyramid.
• Sketch the old pyramid in your books and redraw
  the pyramid showing any changes the statement
  will make.
• Explain The change in shape (Why does it change
  that way?)
• Elaborate Will the change be a problem for the
  country?

• Tips
• (Dont forget the different stages)
• Think about which sex/age groups are affected

• Note
• Discuss the task in groups
• Then answer, everyone must have a copy

21
Life expectancy increases due to improved medical
care
22
A baby boom in China occurs after the one child
policy is abandoned
23
Migrants move to the UK with the promise of new
jobs
24
Infant mortality drops due to the training of
extra midwives
25
Review

• What does a narrow tip mean?
• If it is wider in the middle than at the bottom
  what problems could this cause?
• What does a wide base represent?
• What shape of pyramid do the following countries
  have
• UK, Kenya, Sweden, Japan, Brazil

26
Extension work?

• Bits from OLD power point before meeting

27
Why is it important to know about the population
structure of a country?

• It is important to know so the government can
  make informed policy decisions.
• Create a mind map of what might be affected

28
What decisions can be affected by population
structure?
29
Task
S E E

• Explain the two of the examples you gave, for
  example
• Education policies are affected by changes in
  population structure. The relative number of
  young people in the UK is decreasing as the
  number of people living beyond 65 increases.
• Therefore the amount of money the government can
  spend on schools will decrease. The government
  will need to spend more on medical care and
  building facilities (for example housing)
  suitable for the elderly.