Age Structure and Population Limits

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Age Structure and Population Limits
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Questions for Today

• What are the different age structures of a
  population and how will they determine future
  growth?
• What are different ways to slow down population
  growth?
• What are the four different stages in human
  population growth?
• What is the number one method to curb population
  growth?

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Age Structures

• Age structure is the distribution of males and
  females among age groups in a population.
• Analyst plot the percentages of numbers of males
  and females in age structure diagrams or pyramids
• Three types of age structures
• Prereproductive (0-14)
• Reproductive (15-44)
• Postreproductive (45 and older)
• Nearly 28 of the people on the planet were under
  15 years of age in 2008

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Age structure Diagrams
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Age Structures

• Age structure vary in developed countries and
  developing countries.
• Developing countries will have a higher
  percentage of people in the prereproductive ages
  than developed countries.

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Fig. 6-9a, p. 131
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Developing Countries
85
8085
7579
Male
Female
7074
6569
6064
5559
5054
4549
4044
Age
3539
3034
2529
2024
1519
1014
59
04
300
200
100
0
100
200
300
Population (millions)
Fig. 6-9b, p. 131
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Age Structures

• What happens when your pyramid is inverted?
• Japan
• Population 2008 128 million
• Population 2050 96 million
• The Majority of Japans population is reaching
  their postreproductive ages.

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Rising Death Rates

• Aside from a disproportion in the age structures,
  one of the major causes for population decline is
  AIDS and HIV.
• AIDS can affect a population by
• Lowering life expectancy
• Loss of workforce

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Slowing Population Growth

• Four major stages in demographic transition.
• Preindustrial
• Transitional
• Industrial
• Postindustrial
• As more developing countries move into the
  developed category, we will see a boom in
  population.

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Stepped Art
Fig. 6-12, p. 134
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Methods to slowing population growth

• Family Planning
• Family planning provides educational and clinical
  services that help couples choose how many
  children to have and when to have them.
• Varies from culture to culture
• A Major Factor in reducing the number of births
  throughout the world
• 55 of a drop in TFR because of FP.

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Family Planning

• Two problems
• Most pregnancies in developing countries are
  unplanned and end with, usually, an illegal
  abortion.
• The lack of access to family planning services.

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Family Planning

• Examples of Government Funded Family Planning
• Chinas One Child Policy
• Prefer Males
• Pledge to have one child, reap many benefits!
• Indias Family Planning
• Government provides Information and resources,
  but Couples still believe having large families
  is the best.

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Empowering Women

• Studies show that women who are educated, hold a
  paying job, and live in societies where their
  rights are not suppressed have less children.