The%20Middle%20and%20Southern%20Colonies

1
The Middle and Southern Colonies

• Chapter 3, Section 3 and 4

2
MIDDLE COLONIES

• The middle colonies were made up of
• 1. New York
• 2. Pennsylvania
• 3. Delaware
• 4. New Jersey

3
New york

• Between the areas controlled by England were
  lands owned by the Dutch.
• The main settlement of the Dutch was called New
  Amsterdam which was located on Manhattan Island.
• Manhattan Island was bought (from Native
  Americans) by the Dutch for beads, cloth and
  other goods. The price was about 24.00 in
  todays world.
• Because it had a good seaport, New Amsterdam
  became a center for shipping to and from the
  Americas.

4
England Takes Control

• England did not like the fact that the Dutch had
  settlements between their northern and southern
  colonies.They also envied the good harbors that
  the Dutch controlled.
• In 1664 the English sent a fleet of ships to
  attack New Amsterdam (Manhattan Island). Because
  New Amsterdam was unprepared for battle, they
  quickly surrendered to the English forces.

5
England Takes Control

• King Charles gave the acquired colony to his
  brother the Duke of York (also called the Duke of
  Yorkshire)..to celebrate himself he renamed the
  colony New York.

6
Pennsylvania

• In 1680 a wealthy English gentleman by the name
  of William Penn set up a new colony called
  Pennsylvania (which was appropriately named after
  himself.)
• Little known fact Pennsylvania
• is almost the size of the
• entire country of England!

7
Pennsylvania

• How was William Penn able to acquire
  Pennsylvania?
• King Charles II of England had borrowed lots of
  from William Penns family. As repayment
  he gave William, Pennsylvania.
• Penn belonged to a Protestant group known as the
  Quakers.
• Penn saw Pennsylvania as a holy experiment
  where Quakers could practice toleration and
  equality.

8
Pennsylvania

• In 1682 Penn sailed to America to personally
  supervise the building of Philadelphia. Even
  today Philadelphia is known as the city of
  brotherly love.
• Many people came from Europe to live in
  Pennsylvania. By 1683 people from England,
  Ireland, Germany and Sweden all resided in
  Pennsylvania.

9
pENNSYLVANIA

• In 1701, Penn created the Charters of Liberties
  which granted colonists the right to elect
  government representatives.
• In 1704, the southern part of Pennsylvania broke
  away, and functioned separately as Delaware.

10
Southern colonies

• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia
• CLIMATE WARM AND HUMID

11
Southern Colonies

• In the Southern Colonies large plantations
  flourished. Plantations grew tobacco, wheat,
  fruit, vegetables and corn.
• As colonies and plantations grew, so did the need
  so did the need for capable workers.
• Not all people came to work in the colonies of
  their own free will. Many who came to work in the
  colonies were English criminals as well as
  Scottish and Irish prisoners. Others were
  African slaves brought to America by European
  slave traders.

12
Maryland

• Maryland was founded by a man named Sir George
  Calvert also called Lord Baltimore. Calvert
  established Maryland as a safe place for
  Catholics being persecuted in England.

13
Maryland

• Maryland colonists used tobacco as their main
  crop.
• Lord Baltimore was a clever fellow. He declared
  that all tobacco planters had to grow or raise an
  additional crop or farm item. This included
  various vegetables, fruit and livestock.

14
The Mason-Dixon Line

• For years there was a land dispute between the
  Calverts (Maryland) and the Penns
  (Pennsylvania).
• To stop the argument, the two families hired two
  surveyors, Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, to
  lay out boundary stones dividing the land..this
  was known as the Mason-Dixon Line.

15
Virginia

• While other colonies were just starting out
  Virginia was expanding.
• As Virginia began to expand, many settlements
  became established on Native American land. Many
  settlers became angry that the government
  (military) was not protecting them from Native
  American raids.

16
Bacons rebellion

• One man named Nathaniel Bacon took matters into
  his own hands.
• In 1676, Bacon led angry settlers in attacks on
  Native American villages.
• Bacons men traveled the countryside killing all
  Natives that they ran into.

17
BACONS REBELLION

• Bacon was not finished! He actually took his
  raiders all the way to Jamestown and burned the
  city to the ground.
• Bacon soon died of dysentery. The rebellion
  crumbled quickly without proper leadership

18
The Carolinas

• In 1663 King Charles II of England created a
  colony called Carolina which means Charless
  Land.
• By 1680, however, the people of Carolina would go
  their separate way creating North and South
  Carolina.

19
North Carolina

• The northern part of Carolina was settled mostly
  by farmers from Virginias backcountry.
• They grew tobacco and sold forest products such
  as timber and tar.

20
South Carolina

• The southern part of Carolina was more prosperous
  than the north due to fertile farmland and good
  harbors.
• South Carolinas cash crop was rice.

21
carolinas

• Many enslaved Africans who arrived in the
  Carolinas worked in the rice fields. Growing
  rice and tobacco required a great deal of labor
  from African Slaves.
• By 1708 more than half the population in the
  Carolinas were enslaved Africans.

22
(No Transcript)
23
Georgia

• Georgia was the last of the British colonies to
  be established. Georgia was founded with two
  things in mind.
• English debtors (people in debt) or English poor
  could come to Georgia and get a fresh start
• Georgia would be used to protect the northern
  colonies (military barrier). Spain had colonies
  in Florida at the time.

24
Georgia

• Originally, the farms in Georgia were to remain
  small and no slavery was permitted.
• OH NO..WHAT HAPPENED! It came to be that
  Georgia ended up with more non-British settlers
  than any other British colony in the Americas.
• Soon Georgia had to increase land holdings, allow
  slavery so the farms could grow.

25
13 Original Colonies

• Massachusetts
• Connecticut
• Rhode Island
• New Hampshire
• New York
• Pennsylvania
• Delaware
• New Jersey
• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

26
(No Transcript)