I. Native American Women

1
I. Native American Women

• 1. Geographical and Cultural Differences
• Languages
• over 200 hundred languages
• regions and economic Pueblos
  agricultural peoples
• California Tribes - huntergathers
• heritage
• 2. Varying Roles, Responsibilities of Women
• distinctions between gender varied depending on
  whether they were patri local or matrilocal

2
I. Native American Women

• A. Indigenous Peoples before 1492
• 1. Migration Patterns
• 2. Womens Power and Sexual Choices
• B. The Pueblo Peoples
• 1. Pueblo Origins and Groups
• 2. Womens and Mens Work
• intense agriculture labor divided by sex
  women focused on inside the community
• 3. Women in Pueblo Society focus on fertility
  a matrilineal people- older women very
  important

3
I. Native American Women

• C. The Iroquois Confederacy
• 1. The Confederation
• longhouses
• egalitarian
• matrilineal
• 2. Power of Women
• 3. Womens Work
• focus on agriculture as well as what went on
  inside community
• 4. Women and Religion

4
I. Native American Women

• D. Native Womens Worlds
• 1. Commonalities among Native Cultures
• Iroquois women had more formal power
• womens economic power common
• 2. European Misunderstandings of Native Culture
• 3. Some Acceptance of Transgendering
• berdache sexual power
• 4. Native Womens Political, Religious Power
• 5. Columbian Exchange interaction between
  Europeans and Indigenous peoples

5
II. Europeans Arrive

• A. Early Spanish Expansion
• 1. Spanish Motives early motive wealth
• 2. Impact of European Diseases
• 3. Male Character of Invasion
• 4. Emigration of Spanish Women limited but
  gradually more marry older and widows could
  inherite
• 5. Women in Spanish Colonies Marina de San
  Miguel Malinche and Cortes
• 6. Pocahantas
• B. Spains Northern Frontier
• 1. Spanish in Pueblo Territory
• 2. Spanish Relations with Pueblo Peoples

6
II. Europeans Arrive

• C. Fish and Furs in the North
• 1. French, Dutch, and English Fish and Begin
  Fur Trade
• 2. Impact of Fur Trade on Native Peoples
• D. Early British Settlements
• 1. Queen Elizabeths Motives for Expansion
  wanted to challenge Isabella from Spain
• 2. Roanoke Colony White brought women and
  eventually community failed
• 3. Jamestown Colony
• 4. Tobacco

7
III. African Women and the Atlantic Slave Trade

• A. Women in West Africa
• 1. Womens Roles in West African Society women
  were productive and powerful
• 2. European Attitudes toward Africans
  clothing, mores, sexuality - animalistic
• B. The Early Slave Trade
• 1. African Slave Trade before Europeans
• 2. Iberian Slave Trade first to purchase and
  trade slaves
• 3. Spread of Slavery to Americas

8
III. African Women and the Atlantic Slave Trade

• C. Racializing Slavery
• 1. Race versus Other Ways of Distinguishing
  Slaves skin debasing and dehumanizing
• 2. European Attitudes
• 3. Role of African Women reproductive labor
• D. African Slavery in the Americas
• 1. Growth, Character of Slave Trade first
  lived peacefully with settlers
• 2. Womens Roles
• 3. Plantation System in the Americas