III ???? ?. 1. ??????? ??????????? ? ????????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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III ???? ?. 1. ??????? ??????????? ? ?????????

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... cultivate your powers of observation. ... A clear capsule is evident around several of the bacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: III ???? ?. 1. ??????? ??????????? ? ?????????


1
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  • ?????? ??????????? ? ??????? ?????????

2
???????????? ?????????? ???????? ? ??????
III ???? ?. 1. ??????? ??????????? ?
????????? 2. ???????
??????? ????????? ? ??????? ?. ???????
???????????? ?????????? ???????? (??????
??????????? ? ??????? ?????????) ??????
???????????? ? ?????? ? ????????? ??????????
????????

IY ??????? ????????????? ??????? Y ????????????
???????
3
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??????????? ? ??????? ?????????)
  • ???? ????????? ??????? ????????????????
    ???????????? ????????
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    ?????? ? ????????? ?????????? ????????


4
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?.?.????????
5
???????? ????????? ???????? (1829-1897)
  • ??? ?????? ???????????? ????, ??? ????? ??
    ???????? ?????????? ??????? ? ?????????????
    ???????? ???????. ??? ?? ?????, ??? ?????
    ??????????? ? ???????????????? ???????, ??????
    ??????? ???? ????????? ???????, ???????????????
    ????????

6
???????? ? ???????? 2
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    ??????? ???????????

7
???????? ? ???????? 3
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    ???????
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    ???????????????? ??????????????

8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
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11
???????? ?????? ???????????? 1
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12
???????? ?????? ???????????? 2
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13
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14
??????? ??????
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    ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????

15
??????? ???????
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    ??????????? ?????????????
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    ???????
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    ?????????
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16
??????? (?????????????) ???? ??????? ????????? A
? D ?????? ????????? B ? C
?????? (??????????????? ????) ??????? ?????????
B ? C ?????? ????????? A ? D
17
?????????? ??????????????? ??????
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    ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????????
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    ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????????

18
?????? ??????????????? ??????
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???? ??? ?????
?????????? ?????? ?????????? 5 (A) 10 (B) 15 (AB)
?????????? ?????? ?????????? 10 (C) 5 (D) 15 (CD)
????? 15 (AC) BD 30 (ABCD)
19
?????????? ??????
  • ?. ???????? ????????????? ?????????
  • ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ???????
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    ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ???????
  • D.???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ??
    ???????? ????????? ? ?? ??????????

20
?????? ??????????????? ??????
????????? ?????????
???? ??? ?????
?????????? ?????? ?????????? 5 (A) 10 (B) 15 (AB)
?????????? ?????? ?????????? 10 (C) 5 (D) 15 (CD)
????? 15 (AC) BD 30 (ABCD)
???????????????? ???????????????? ?/AC ?/AC ?/AC
????????????? ????????????? D/BD D/BD D/BD
21
The Patients Responses
  • It is our duty to remember at all times and a
    new this medicine is not only a science, but also
    the art of letting our own individuality interact
    with the individuality of the patient.
  • Albert Schweitzer 1875-1965

22
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23
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24
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25
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26
??????? ?????
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27



?.?.??????
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    ???, ?? ???? ?????, ??? ?? ???????, ?????????? ?
    ???????????? ????? ???????. ??????? ???????? ?
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    ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????, ??? ???
    ????????????. ???????? ???????? ? ????, ???????
    ?? ? ?????????, ???? ? ???? ?????? ? ???????????
    ??? ??????????, ?????, ???????, ?????.

28
??????? ???????
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    1812 ? ??? ?????, ???????????? ??? ????????? ?
    ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????????,
    ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????
  • ?.?.??????

29
????? ??????
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30
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31
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  • -?????????? ???? gt 90

32
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33
??????????? ? ??????? ??????
  • ?.??????????????? ???????
  • ?.?????????????? ???????
  • 1.???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????????
  • -???????????? ???????
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    ??????????????? ??????????? ?????????

34
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1.??????? ?? ?????? 2. ??????? ??
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35
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??????? 6-7 ?? ?????? 4-6 ??
??????? ?? 4 ?? ?????? ?? 3 ??
36
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37
???????????????(????????????????) ?????????
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    ?????????????
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    ??????-???????????, ??????????? ? ??????, ???????
    ??????? ????

38
????????????? ?????????
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  • 2.?????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????????
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    ???????), ?? ???????????

39
???????????? ??????
  • ????????? ???????? (fremitus vocalis)
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  • ???????? ????????????? (pectoriloqvia) ?
    ???????? (aegophonia)

40
????????????
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    ? ????????? ???????????????
  • ??????????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????????? (Rene
    Laennec), 1819
  • ???????????

41
?.??????? (1781-1826)

42
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43
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    ???????????? ????????)
  • 4. ????????? ??????
  • 5 ??????????????? (?????????????? ) ???????
  • 6. ?????????????? ???????
  • -

44
??????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ???????
???????????? (?) ??????????? ? ????????? ?
???????????? (?) ??????????? ? ????????? ?
??????????????? (???????????)
45
???????? ??????????? ???? ????? (ronchi)
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    ?????? ? ?????????? ????
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    ???????
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    ??????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???????
    ??? ?? ??????????
  • ????? ????? ?????????(???????????) (sibilantes)
    ? ????????(???????) (sonori)
  • ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?
    ??????

46
??????? ?????
  • ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ? ???????????????
    ????? ??????? (?????????????) ? ?????????
    (???????????????)
  • ???????? ??? ????? ? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????
    ?????
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    ???????, ????? ????? ????????? ????????

47
???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ? ???
?????? ??????
  • ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????
  • ????????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????
  • ?????? ?? ????? ????? ? ??????
  • ?? ?????????? ??? ????????????
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48
??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??????
  • ?????? ?????, ??????????? ???? (???????? ??????)
  • ???????? ???? (???????? ???????)

49
???????, ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????????
  • ????? ???????????? ???????? ???????????????
  • ???? ? ?????????? ??? ?????????
  • ??????? ????? ?????????????
  • ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????????
  • ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ? ??????????
  • ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???????
    ?????????

50
(No Transcript)
51
?????? ??????????? ????????
  • Gross appearance
  • Turbid yellow Empyema
  • Haemorrhagic Pulmonary infarction, trauma,
    malligancy
  • Straw-coloured Transudate
  • Cytology
  • Neutrophils Bacterial infection
  • Lymphocytes 2 Malignancy, lymphoma, ??
  • Mesothelial cells Pulmonary infarction
  • Abnormal mesothelial cells Mesothelioma
  • Multinucleated giant cells Rheumatoid
  • Lupus erythematosus cells SLE

52
?????? ??????????? ????????
  • Biochemistry
  • Protein lt 30g/L Transudate
  • gt 30g/L Exudate
  • Glucose lt 3.3mmol/L Infection, rheumatoid,
    malignancy
  • pH gt7.3 Infection, rheumatoid, malignancy
  • LHD ? Infection
  • Amylase ? Pancreatitis
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatoid factor Rheumatoid, others
  • ANA Connective tissue disease
  • Complement levels ? Rheumatoid, SLE, malignancy,
    infection

53
Staphyloccocus pneumoniae
54
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
55
?????????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???
  • ?????????? ????????
  • ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????
  • ???????? ????????????? ???????
  • ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????????
    (???????? ????????)

56
?????????????? ???????? ?????
  • ?. ??????????? ?????? ???????
  • - ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? (???)
  • - ????????? ??????? ???????
  • -?????????? ?????? (??)
  • -?????????????? ?????????? ?????
  • ?????????????? ??????? ?????, ???
  • ???????? ?????, ???
  • ??????????? ??????? ???

57
?????????????? ???????? ?????
  • ?. ???????????? ?????? ??????? (?????????????
    ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????
    ?? ????? ????? ? ??????)
  • - ????? ????????????? ??? (?????)
  • ????? ?????????????? ?????? ?? 1 ??? (??? 1???)
  • ????????? ??? 1???/????? ?????? ??????

58
(No Transcript)
59
  • Dont touch the patient - state first what you
    see cultivate your powers of observation.
  • Sir William Osler
    1849-1919

60
Spirometry
61
Spirometry
62
Spirometry
63
Smoking and clinical course of airway function in
asthma and COPD
64
Peak flow
Peak flow recording in bronchial asthma
65
Chest radiography
66
Chest radiograph in obstructive lung disease
67
Tuberculosis
68
Pulmonary angiograms
69
(No Transcript)
70
?????? ????????? ??????????? ? ??????? ????? ?
??????? ???????? ????????????, ??????, 1820
  • ? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????, ???????
    ?????? ?? ??????? ? ???????, ????? ???? ?? ???
    ?? ??? ?????????. ?????????? ?? ??????? ? ???????
    ??????? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????
    ????????
  • ?????? ???????, ?? ???????? ???????? ??????,
    ??????? ??????? ???????, ???? ??????? ???? ? ??
    ??

71
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72
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73
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