Unit A: Biological Diversity

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Unit A Biological Diversity
Basilisk lizard
1.0 Biological diversity is reflected in the
variety of life On Earth.
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Biological diversity refers to all the different
types of organisms on Earth.
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Species is a group or organisms that have the
same structure and can reproduce with one
another.
There are between 30 100 million organisms
existing today
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Just for curiosity there are new hybrids being
produced.
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Understanding Biological Diversity

• Diversity between Ecosystems
• Ecosystem a place where living (biotic) things
• interact with other living and non-living
  (abiotic)
• things.
• - There is a huge diversity of ecosystems in the
  world.

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Biological Diversity

• Diversity occurs within ecosystems
• Population when members of a species live
• in a specific area and share the same resources.

- Community When populations of different
species live in the same area.
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Biological Diversity
Diversity Within Species - A species is a group
of organisms that all have the same basic
structure. However, if you look closely at any
population, you will notice subtle variations
between the individual members of the population.
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Biological Diversity

• Species are not evenly distributed on our planet.
• Areas around the equator have the greatest
• number of plant species. The number of plant and
  
• animal species is greatest in tropical regions.
• As you move north to the temperate and then the
  polar
• regions, you will find less biological diversity.

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Classifying Biological Diversity
- Carolus Linnaeus developed a system for
naming and classifying organisms. He used Latin
because that was the common scientific
language of his time.

• In his system, two words name each living thing
  
• The first word indicates the name of the genus to
  which the
• organisms belong. This word starts with a
  capital letter.
• The second word indicates the name of the
  species. It starts with
• a small letter. No two species can have the same
  name.

Picea glauca White spruce
Canis lupus Wolf
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• Linnaeus then organized species into groups based
  on their
• physical structure in the following order

Kingdom
Phyla
Classes
Orders
Families
Genera
Species