Chapter 1 Section 1 Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance

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Chapter 1 Section 1Italy Birthplace of the
Renaissance

• Objective Assess the origins innovations of
  the early Renaissance
• Vocabulary Renaissance, Humanism, Secular,
  Patron, Perspective, Vernacular

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Italys Advantages

• Renaissance 1300-1600, a period in time of
  renewed interest in classical culture leading to
  changes in art, learning, the views of the
  world
• Thriving cities, wealthy merchant class,
  classical heritage made Italy the birthplace of
  the Renaissance
• The city-state of Florence came under the rule of
  a powerful banking family, the Medici
• Scholars began to look to the Ancient Greeks
  Romans for inspiration

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Classical Worldly Values

• Humanism an intellectual movement that focused
  on human potential achievements
• Renaissance society was secular worldly rather
  than spiritual concerned with the here and now
• Church leaders wealthy families became patrons
  of the arts by financially supporting the artist
• A man should excel in many fields be praised as
  a universal man or Renaissance Man
• Women were expected to inspire art but rarely
  created it

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The Renaissance Revolutionizes Art

• Renaissance artists portrayed religious subjects,
  but used a realistic style
• Painters used the technique of perspective, 3
  dimension on a flat surface
• Michelangelo (sculptor, poet, architect,
  painter) used a realistic style when depicting
  the human body
• Donatello also made sculptures more realistic by
  carving natural postures and expressions that
  reveal personalities

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The Renaissance Revolutionizes Art

• Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, sculptor,
  inventor, scientist
• A true Renaissance man, he was interested in
  how things worked
• Da Vinci painted two of the most famous paintings
  in the world, the Mona Lisa The Last Supper
• Raphael studied Michelangelo Leonardos work
• He liked to paint Madonna Child
• Raphael was famous for his use of perspective

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Renaissance Writers Change Literature

• Renaissance writers wrote in vernacular (native
  language) instead of Latin
• These writers wrote either for self-expression or
  to portray the individuality of their subjects
• Petrarch Boccaccio were two famous writers
• Machiavelli wrote that the end justifies the
  means in The Prince

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Chapter 1 Section 2The Northern Renaissance

• Objective Trace the spread of Renaissance ideas
  to Germany, Flanders, Holland, England
• Vocabulary Utopia,
• William Shakespeare, Johann Gutenberg

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The Northern Renaissance Begins

• By the late 1400s, Renaissance ideas had spread
  to Northern Europe especially England, Germany,
  Flanders
• Cities began to grow after the bubonic plague
  the Hundred Years War
• Cities became wealthy enough to sponsor artists
• As Renaissance ideas spread out of Italy, they
  mingled with northern traditions

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Artistic Ideas Spread

• An invasion of northern Italy, forced many
  Italian artists writers to leave for safety in
  Northern Europe
• German artist Hans Holbein painted portraits of
  Henry VIII other members of the English royal
  family
• Flanders became the artistic center of northern
  Europe
• Jan van Eyck was a famous Flemish painters

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Northern Writers Try to Reform Society

• Criticism of the church sparked the movement
  known as Christian humanism
• Christian humanist promoted reform through
  education with women children
• Thomas More wrote the book Utopia
• The book was about an imaginary land that was an
  ideal place with no greed, corruption, or war
• If a family could afford formal schooling,
  families usually only sent their sons
• Christine de Pizan was the first women to earn a
  living as a writer

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The Elizabethan Age

• The Renaissance spread to England in the 1500s,
  the period is known as the Elizabethan Age
• Queen Elizabeth was well educated spoke French,
  Italian, Latin, Greek
• William Shakespeare was the most famous writer of
  the Elizabethan Age
• In 1592, he was living in London, writing
  performing at the Globe Theater
• His most famous plays include Macbeth, Hamlet,
  Othello, Romeo/Juliet

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Printing Spread Renaissance Ideas

• Europeans used the moveable type of block
  printing to create pages to bind into books,
  however this process was still too slow
• 1440 Johann Gutenberg, developed a printing press
  that made it possible to produce books quickly
  cheaply
• It made books cheap enough for more people to buy
  them

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The Legacy of the Renaissance

• The European Renaissance was a period of great
  artistic social change
• The idea of individuals playing key roles
  promoted the gradual rise of democratic ideas
• Some changes were
• Writers using vernacular language to express
  their ideas
• The arts praised individual achievement
• Information was more available inexpensive
• Reforms changed the views about how life should
  be lived