HUMAN TRAFFICKING

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• Introduction
• The abolition of slave trade in the early 19th
  century was a major step towards ending cruelty,
  agony, and injustice against humanity. However,
  what seemed as a triumph against centuries of
  human rights abuses would soon afterwards become
  an illusion as slave trade took a new form now
  understood as human trafficking.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• Background
• Human trafficking is a widespread organized crime
  and a major cause of suffering to innocent
  persons, especially children and women. Current
  literature defines human trafficking as the
  process of recruiting, holding, transporting or
  possessing a human being using any form of
  coercion with the intention to use him or her for
  commercial sex, labor or other forms of
  exploitation.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• Nature of Victims
• Traffickers win their victims by promising them
  different types of jobs abroad. Owing to high
  rates of unemployment and low wages in the home
  country, many people jump at the chance of
  obtaining a well paying job, and thus do not take
  adequate time to gather information about the
  circumstances of their prospective jobs.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• The Trafficking Process
• Human trafficking begins with recruitment and all
  preparations needed to transport the victim to
  the destination. The recruiter or the victim
  initiates the process by seeking out the other.
  In kidnapping, violence and other forms of
  intimidation might be used. Deception in the form
  of empty promises is the main tool perpetrators
  use to attract potential victims. Once the
  victims and recruiters reach a consensus,
  transportation arrangements begin.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• The second stage involves the actual
  transportation of victims from source to
  destination. In the case of transnational
  trafficking, traffickers use different means of
  transport like air, sea, land, or a combination
  of all to ferry victims to their destination.
• Entry into the destination country occurs through
  different means, like via legitimate travel or
  work visas, or illegal means like forged
  documents.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• Difficulties Detecting Victims
• Although the human trafficking process seems
  straight forward, misunderstandings may render it
  difficult to track trafficking activities and
  agents. For example, law enforcement officers may
  perceive trafficking to constitute the use of
  physical force or some form of physical
  restraint, especially because most
  law-enforcement officers lack specific training
  in human trafficking.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• Such a misguided assumption will hinder the
  officer from identifying a victim of trafficking
  going about their daily chores. In addition they
  may also assume that victims would willingly seek
  help whenever they need it, which is not
  necessarily the case. In fact, victims of
  trafficking are more likely to engage in criminal
  activities to survive than seek intervention from
  the legal system.

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HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• Even in the absence of misconceptions about human
  trafficking, law enforcement officers face
  challenges associated with the nature of
  trafficking. To begin with, trafficking occurs
  either in total concealment or in visible but
  disguised forms.
• Part of the problem of detecting human
  trafficking lies with the victims. Instead of
  seeking help, they prefer to solve the problems
  themselves even if it means engaging in criminal
  activities.

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