POETRY: an imaginative expression of ideas and emotions

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POETRYan imaginative expression of ideas and
emotions
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• Poetry usually . . .
• is arranged in lines.
• uses compressed language to make a point.
• has a regular pattern of rhythm.
• uses literary devices to appeal to our emotions
  and imagination.
• Poetry sometimes . . .
• has a regular rhyme scheme

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Poetry Terms

• Stanza the division of lines in a poem a poem
  paragraph.
• Meter the pattern and number of syllables in a
  line of poetry.
• Refrain the repeating of words or phrases
  throughout a poem.
• Tone -- the overall feeling given by the poem.

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End Rhyme words at end of lines rhyme Rhyme
Scheme the pattern of rhyme Across the years
he could recall a His father one way best of
all. a In the stillest hour of night b The
boy awakened to a light. b Half in dreams, he
saw his sire c With his great hands full of
fire c from The Secret Heart by R.Coffin
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Internal Rhyme rhyme within lines Once upon a
midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and
weary . . . While I nodded, nearly napping,
suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one
gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. It
is some visitor, I muttered, tapping at my
chamber door- from The Raven by
Edgar Allan Poe
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Sound devices are poetic devices that relate to
sound, includingconsonanceassonancealliterati
ononomatopoeia
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Consonancerepetition of consonant sounds within
a line of poetry

• He gives his harness bells a shake
• To ask if there is some mistake.
• The only other sounds the sweep
• Of easy wind and downy flake.

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Assonance repetition of vowel sounds in a line
of poetry

• Do not go gentle into that good night,
• Old age should burn and rave at close of day
• Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

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Alliteration repetition of beginning
consonant sounds in words close together Once
upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak
and weary . . . While I nodded, nearly napping,
suddenly there came a tapping . . . from
The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe
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Onomatopoeia the use of a word whose sound
imitates its meaning.
buzz
hiss
splash
roar
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Refrain the repeating of words or phrases
throughout a poem Allusion a reference to a
well-known person, place, thing or event with
which the writer assumes the reader will be
familiar George rushed in like Superman to save
the man from the burning building.
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Figurative Language

• A figure of speech is a word or phrase that
  describes one thing in terms of another and is
  not meant to be understood as literally true.
• Simile Hyperbole
• Metaphor Symbol
• Personification Imagery Oxymoron Irony

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• Simile - a comparison between two things using
  like or as.
• The cookie was hard as a rock.

Metaphor a comparison between two things
without using like or as. Life is a river.
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• Personification a figure of speech in which a
  nonhuman thing (an idea, object, or animal) is
  given human characteristics.
• The picture spoke to us of the sacrifices
• our family had made.
• Oxymoron a technique putting two words with
  opposite meanings together for a special effect.
• jumbo shrimp old news
• bittersweet small fortune

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• Imagery vivid description that appeals to the
  senses.
• They were flat round wafers, slightly browned on
  the edges and butter-yellow in the center. With
  cold lemonade they were sufficient for
  childhoods lifelong diet.

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• Symbol a concrete or real object used to
  represent an idea
• A bird, because it can fly, has often been used
  as a symbol of freedom.

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Hyperbole an extreme exaggeration or
overstatement that a writer uses for emphasis.
My brother exploded when he saw the damage to
his car. Irony a technique that uses a word or
phrase to mean the exact opposite of its normal
meaning. Danielle laughs all the time, so we call
her Grumpy.