Title: Chapter 11
1Chapter 11 The United States
Section Notes
Video
Impact of Immigration
Physical Geography History and Culture The United
States Today
Maps
The United States Political The United States
Physical The United States Climate Natural
Hazards in the United States Western Expansion
Regions of the United States Land Use and
Resources The United States Assessment Map
World Almanac
Population of Major U.S. Cities
Quick Facts
Images
Chapter 11 Visual Summary
Grand Canyon Tornado Diagram Diverse America
2Physical Geography
- The Big Idea
- The United States is a large country with diverse
physical features, climates, and resources. - Main Ideas
- Major physical features of the United States
include mountains, rivers, and plains. - The climate of the United States is wetter in the
East and South and drier in the West. - The United States is rich in natural resources
such as farmland, oil, forests, and minerals.
3Main Idea 1Major physical features of the
United States include mountains, rivers, and
plains.
The United States is the third largest country.
Physical features from east to west include
- Flat, close to sea level
- Rises to a higher level called the Piedmont
Atlantic Coastal Plain
- Main mountain range in the East
- Millions of years of erosion so that highest peak
is about 6,700 feet
Appalachian Mountains
Interior Plains
- Filled with hills, lakes, and rivers
4Physical Features, continued
- The largest group of freshwater lakes in the
world - Important for trade between the United States and
Canada
Great Lakes
- North Americas longest and most important river
- Has many tributaries, or smaller streams or
rivers that flow into a larger stream or river - E.g., the Missouri and Ohio rivers which help
drain the entire Interior Plains. - These rivers deposit rich silt that creates the
fertile farmlands of the Interior Plains.
Mississippi River
- At higher elevation has vast areas of grasslands
Great Plains
5Physical Features West of the Rockies
Rocky Mountains
- Enormous rugged mountain ranges that rise above
14,000 feet
- A line of high peaks in the Rocky Mountains
- A continental divide is an area of high ground
that divides the flow of rivers towards opposite
ends of a continent. Rivers to the east empty
into the Mississippi River and to the west into
the Pacific Ocean.
Continental Divide
- At 20,320 feet, Alaskas Mount McKinley is the
highest mountain in North America. - Hawaii formed by volcanoes millions of years ago.
Alaska and Hawaii
6Main Idea 2The climate of the United States is
wetter in the East and South and drier in the
West.
- East and South
- Northeast Humid continental climate with snowy
winters and warm, humid summers - South Humid subtropical climate with milder
winters and warm, humid summers - Florida Warm all year
- Interior Plains
- Most of the region A humid continental climate
- Great Plains Hot and dry summers
- West
- West Mostly dry
- Pacific Northwest coast A wet, mild coastal
climate - Alaska Sub-arctic and tundra climates
- Hawaii A warm, tropical climate
7Main Idea 3The United States is rich in natural
resources such as farmland, oil, forests, and
minerals.
- Alaska, California, or Louisiana oil
- The U.S. is a major oil producer but uses more
oil than it produces. - Appalachians and Rockies minerals including coal
- Coal supplies the energy for more than half of
the electricity produced in the U.S. - The U.S. has about 25 percent of the worlds coal
reserves. - Forests lumber
- Farmlands wheat, corn, soybeans, cotton, fruits,
and vegetables
8History and Culture
- The Big Idea
- Democratic ideas and immigration have shaped the
history and culture of the United States. - Main Ideas
- The United States is the worlds first modern
democracy. - The people and culture of the United States are
very diverse.
9Main Idea 1The United States is the worlds
first modern democracy.
- 1500s Europeans settlers established colonies,
or territories inhabited and controlled by people
from a foreign land.
- Mid-1700s The British Empire included more than
a dozen colonies along the Atlantic coast.
- Boston and New York became major seaports.
- Plantations, or large farms that grow mainly one
crop, harvested tobacco, rice, or cotton using
enslaved Africans.
- July 1776 The colonial representatives adopted
the Declaration of Independence, which did not
give rights to everyone, but was a great step
toward equality and justice.
- 1781 General George Washington's army defeated
the British in the Revolutionary War, which had
started in Massachusetts and spread west and
south.
- Britain recognized the independence of the U.S.
and granted the U.S. all its land east of the
Mississippi River.
10Expansion and Industrial Growth
- These first settlers who traveled west for land
and plentiful resources were called pioneers. - Groups of families undertook the harsh trip along
the 2,000-mile Oregon Trail. - Late 1840s Discovery of gold brought tens of
thousands of people to California. - 1850 More than 23 million people
- Late 1880s Major steel, oil, and textile
production - Most industrial cities in Northeast and Midwest.
- The development of waterways and railroads helped
industry and expansion into interior. - Late 1800s/early 1900s Immigration from Europe
creates a culturally diverse nation.
11Wars and Peace
- The United States fought in several wars during
the 1900s. - Many Americans died in World Wars I and II.
- The United States and the Soviet Union became
rivals in the Cold War. - 1950s War in Korea
- 1960s and 1970s War in Vietnam
- Early 1990s The collapse of the Soviet Union
marked the end of the Cold War. - 1991 The United States fought Iraq in the
Persian Gulf War. - 2003 United States invaded Iraq and is helping
Iraqis rebuild their country today. - Today the United States is one of the most
powerful members of the United Nations.
12U.S. Government and Citizenship
- A limited, democratic government with an elected
president and Congress - The Constitution defines the powers of the
federal government. - The federal government handles issues affecting
the whole country. - States, counties, and cities have their own
governments that provide state and local
services, such as trash collection, road
building, electricity, and public transportation.
Government
- U.S. citizens have the right to vote from age 18.
- Citizens are encouraged to participate in their
government. - Participation is essential to democratic
government.
Rights And Responsibilities
13Main Idea 2The people and culture of the United
States are very diverse.
- Hispanic Americans
- Many came from Mexico, Cuba, and other Latin
American countries. - Most live in the southwestern states that border
Mexico.
- Native Americans
- For thousands of years, Native Americans were the
only people in the Americas. - Today most live in the west, particularly in
Arizona and New Mexico.
- African Americans
- African Americans live in every region, but
southern states and many large cities have a
higher percentage.
- European Descendents
- About 7 out of every 10 people
- Asian Americans
- Live mostly in California
14Language and Religion
- After English, Spanish is the most widely spoken
language. - About 17 million Americans speak Spanish.
- Over 50 million are bilingual, or speak two
languages.
Language
- Most people are Christians. Some are Jewish or
Muslim. A small percentage is Hindu or Buddhist. - Many religious holidays Christmas, Easter,
Hanukkah, Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, Ramadan and
the feast called Id al-Fitr - African Americans also celebrate Kwanzaa, a
holiday that is based on a traditional African
festival.
Religion
15Food, Music, and Popular Culture
- Diverse ethnic foods like Mexican tacos, Italian
pasta, or Japanese sushi are now part of the
American diet. - Music from around the world have also influenced
American culture. - American musical styles include blues, jazz,
rock, and hip hop.
Food And Music
- American culture, such as movies, television
programs, and sports, are popular abroad. - E.g., Star Wars seen by millions, baseball in
Japan, Starbucks in almost every major city, and
an MTV channel in Asia
Popular Culture
16The United States Today
- The Big Idea
- The United States has four main regions and faces
opportunities and challenges. - Main Ideas
- The United States has four regionsthe Northeast,
South, Midwest, and West. - The United States has a strong economy and a
powerful military but is facing the challenge of
world terrorism.
17Main Idea 1The United States has four
regionsthe Northeast, South, Midwest, and West.
- The Northeast
- Industrial and financial centers
- Economy banks, investment firms, insurance
companies, respected universities - Rich farmland, coal, steel production, and
fishing - Most densely populated region in the U.S. with 40
million people - Cities from Boston to Washington, D.C. form a
megalopolis, or a string of large cities that
have grown together. - Cities founded in colonial era became important
seaports.
- The South
- Rich farmlands grow cotton, tobacco, and citrus
fruit. - This region is becoming more urban and
industrialized. - Atlanta metropolis has grown from 1 million in
1960 to 4 million today. - Research Triangle in North Carolina is growing
high-tech area. - Texas Gulf Coast and lower Mississippi Rover
areas have huge oil refineries and petrochemical
plants. - Important trade centers with Mexico and Central
and South American countries. E.g., Miami
18The Midwest and the West
- The Midwest
- One of the most productive farming regions in the
world - Crops corn, wheat, and soybeans
- Dairy farms in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota
- Major cities are located near the Mississippi and
Ohio Rivers and the Great Lakes because products
are easily shipped to and from these centers. - Detroit, Michigan, is the countrys leading
automobile producer. - Chicago, Illinois, is the third largest city in
the nation.
- The West
- Large open spaces with major cities on the
Pacific Coast - More than 10 percent of the nation lives in
California, where farming, technology, and
entertainment are important industries. - Economy of other states ranching and growing
wheat - Mineral resources coal, oil, gold, silver,
copper, and others - Oregon and Washington forestry and fishing
- Seattle Washingtons largest city with many
industries. - Alaska oil, forests, and fish
- Hawaii pineapple, sugarcane, and tourism
19Main Idea 3The United States has a strong
economy and a powerful military but is facing the
challenge of world terrorism.
- Largest economy in the world
- Many natural resources, modern technologies, and
jobs - Beneficial trade with Canada, Mexico, China,
Japan, and Europe - 1992 The North American Free Trade Agreement,
NAFTA, has made trade easier with Mexico and
Canada.
Economy
- A powerful military to protect the U.S.
- Helps other countries defend themselves
Military
20Terrorism
- September 11, 2001 Terrorists hijacked four
American jets and crashed them into the World
Trade Center and the Pentagon.
- The hijackers wanted to disrupt the U.S. economy
with terrorism, or violent attacks that cause
fear.
- President George W. Bush declared war on
terrorism and established the Department of
Homeland Security.
- The U.S. sent forces to Afghanistan to kill or
capture members of al Qaeda, a terrorist group,
and established a new democratic government in
the country.
- 2003 Bush believed Iraq was another threat and
ordered an invasion of Iraq.
- World leaders are working with the U.S. to combat
terrorism.
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