Studying Life

1
Studying Life
2
Characteristics of Living Things

• Many characteristics constitute living
• Are cars living because the move?
• Is a fire alive because it is giving off energy?

3

• 8 Characteristics
• Made up of cells
• Reproduce
• Universal genetic code
• Grow and develop
• Obtain and use materials and energy
• Respond to environment
• Maintain a stable internal environment
• Change over time (as a group) - evolution

4
True/False

• Living Things have at least one cell.

5
Made Up of Cells

• Smallest living unit
• Can grow, respond, and reproduce
• Highly complex
• Unicellular one cell
• Multicellular- many-celled
• Different types of cells

6
Reproduction

• Asexual single parent
• Cell divides into two
• Portion splits off to form new organism

7
Sexual two different parents Unite to produce
first cell of new organism
8
True/False

• Living Things contain genetic information.

9
Universal Genetic Code

• Based on DNA
• Determines the traits of every organism

10
True/False

• Living Things grow.
• Living Things grow and develop.

11
Growth and Development

• All organisms grow during at least part of their
  lives
• Eggs gt maggots gt flies development
• Cells become different from one another
• Skin, WBC, RBC

12
True/False

• Living Things eat.
• Living Things require an energy source.

13
Obtain and Use Materials and Energy

• Need materials to stay alive
• Metabolism
• Combination of chemical reactions through which a
  organism builds up or breaks down materials as it
  carries on with life
• Energy sources
• Light, chemicals, animals, plants

14
True/False

• Living things move.
• Living things respond to the environment.

15
Response to the Environment

• Organisms make changes to adjust to environment
• Too cold? What does your body do?
• What does a cold-blooded animal do?
• Light comes from one direction What does a
  plant do?

16

• Living Things breath
• Living Things exchange gases and produce waste.

17
Maintaining Internal Balance

• Homeostasis
• Process by which organisms keep stable internal
  conditions
• What do you do when you are thirsty?
• What happens when you have a fever?

18
True/False

• Living Things change over time (a very long time).

19
Evolution

• Basic traits inherited from parents usually do
  not change
• As a group, over time, any kind of organism can
  change
• Takes Hundreds or thousands of years

20
Are Viruses Alive?

• Viruses
• Has genetic material
• Can evolve in response to immune system.
• Need a host cell to reproduce.
• Acquire energy from their host cell.

21
Homework due 8/30

• Explain the main differences between living cells
  and viruses. Are Viruses alive? Give three
  supporting details. (see chapter 1 and p. 544)