SEAMANSHIP CH. 8 NAVRULES

1
(No Transcript)
2
SEAMANSHIP CH. 8 NAVRULES
The study material for this chapter should
include the USCG Auxiliary Student Study Guide,
the chapter on NAVIGATION RULES in CHAPMANs
Piloting, Seamanship and Small Boat Handling and
THE USCG PUBLICATION COMDTINST M16672.2C,
NAVIGATION RULES, INTERNATIONAL AND INLAND and
this Power Point Presentation. The study
questions and those on the final examination are
covered in the study materials noted above.
3
72 COLREGS

• An acronym for COLLISION REGULATIONS.
• TWO sets International and Inland
• Inland separated from International by
  DEMARCATION lines printed right on the navigation
  charts.
• WHERE THEY APPLY
• International rules apply To ALL vessels on the
  high seas and in all waters connected therewith
  NAVIGABLE BY SEAGOING VESSELS.
• The COLREGS were set by convention in 1972,
  subject to continual amendments.

4
RESPONSIBILITY

• KNOWN AS THE RULE OF GOOD SEAMANSHIP AND THE
• GENERAL PRUDENTIAL RULE
• Nothing in these rules shall exonerate any
  vessel, owner, captain or crew from penalty for
  the neglect of complying with the rules, or by
  the ordinary practice of good seamanship or by
  the SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES of the case
• In following the rules, due regard SHALL be given
  to all dangers of navigation and collision and to
  any SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES,WHICH MAY MAKE A
  DEPARTURE FROM THESE RULES NECESSARY TO AVOID
  IMMEDIATE DANGER.

5
SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Special Circumstances are considered situations
NOT COVERED BY THE RULES. Since MEETING, CROSSING
and OVERTAKING rules are designed for ONLY TWO
vessels interacting, THREE VESSELS COMING
TOGETHER IS CONSIDERED A SPECIAL
CIRCUMSTANCE. When more than two vessels
interact, it becomes a SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCE
6
PURPOSE OF THE RULES
The sole purpose of this set of rules is TO
PREVENT COLLISIONS! Period. COLLISIONS WITH
ANYTHING! If your actions in any situation
produce a collision between your vessel, and
ANYTHING, INCLUDING THE BOTTOM, you have broken
the rules and are subject to punishment! ADMIRALIT
Y LAW Some cases are tried in Admiralty Court
where the justice system, unlike our civil and
criminal courts which allow for a pleaDOES NOT
PROVIDE FOR A PLEA. In Admiralty Court, you are
presumed guilty as charged. The only reason you
are there is to find out what the punishment will
be. Mitigating circumstances are allowed to be
argued but you are still GUILTY AS CHARGED.
7
DEFINITIONSA POINT

• There are 32 points on the compass.
• There are 360 degrees on the compass.
• 1 POINT 360/32 11.25 degrees
• The terminology of POINTS has its roots deep in
  the sailors language and is continued today. The
  term POINT is very useful in communicating in
  terms of the navigation and operations language
  onboard a vessel.

8
LIGHT DEFINITIONS Rule 21MASTHEAD LIGHT
A segmented white light, visible from dead ahead
to 2 points abaft the beam on each side or for
112.5 degrees on each side, from dead ahead, for
a total of 225 deg. It is always displayed
foreword and as high as practical, preferably on
a mast . The dark portion is ALWAYS FACING AFT.
9
LIGHT DEFINITIONS RULE 21SIDE LIGHTS
COLORED RED OR Green. RED is for PORT (Port
Wine) side GREEN is for starboard. Visible from
dead ahead to 112.5 degrees only each
light. Vessels of less than 20 meters may combine
the two into one lantern on the centerline such
as on the bow or breasthook of the boat. They are
displayed on the bow when combined or generally
near the foreword quarter on each side.
10
LIGHT DEFINITIONS RULE 21STERNLIGHT
A segmented white light pointed dead astern,
inline with the keel and visible over an arc of
135 degrees facing dead aft 67.5 degrees either
side of the keel line. Dark side facing forward.
11
LIGHT DEFINITIONSTOWING LIGHT
Exactly the same as the stern light, except that
it is YELLOW. It is displayed OVER the stern
light and indicates TOWING ON A HAWSERFROM THE
REAR OF THE TOWBOAT). HINT( Yellow over white, my
hawsers tight) (Towing Hawser/cable)
12
LIGHT DEFINITINS RULE 21ALL ROUND LIGHT
Any light that is visible through the complete,
unbroken, 360 degree circle. Generally white,
green, red or yellow.
13
LIGHT DEFINITIONS RULE 21FLASHING LIGHT
Machinegun fast at 2 per second or 120 per
minute. When assigned to a HOVER CRAFT or
HYDROFOIL, the color is AMBER or YELLOW.
14
LIGHT VISIBILITY RULE 22
SIZE MASTHEAD LT.
SIDELIGHT. STERNLIGHT Less than 12M
2nm 1nm
2nm 12 lt 20M 3
2 2 20 - lt
50M 5
2 2 50M or more
6 3
3
15
GIVE WAY VESSEL
NOTE THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS RIGHT OF
WAY ANYMORE. ONLY STAND-ON AND GIVE-WAY! Some
older texts continue to occasionally use the tem
right of way. The designated GIVE - WAY vessel
SHALL take early and substantial action to KEEP
CLEAR. She should NOT cross the bow of the Stand
ON vessel, nor create another close quarters
situation by turning towards the S.O. vessel.
16
STAND - ON VESSEL
When one vessel must give way, the other vessel
MUST HOLD COURSE and SPEED( unless operating
under Rule 8) The S.O. Vessel may take action to
avoid collision as soon as it is apparent to her
that the give-way vessel is not taking proper
action to do so. When vessels are so close that
action by the give-way vessel alone will not
avoid a collision, the other vessel must act to
do so. Action by the stand-on vessel to avoid a
collision does not relieve the give-way vessel of
her obligation to keep out of the way.
17
GIVE WAY VESSELS DANGER ZONE
18
DEFINITIONS

1. POWER DRIVEN VESSEL Propelled by MACHINERY.
2. UNDERWAY Not anchored, aground or made fast to
   shore.
3. SHORT BLAST 1 second symbol ?
4. PROLONGED BLAST 4 - 6 seconds symbol

1. SAILING VESSEL Propelled by SAIL ONLY
2. SAFE SPEED Depends on a number of ingredients
   visibility, traffic, your maneuverability, wind,
   sea, current, etc.

19
DEFINITIONS CONTd

1. VESSEL Includes every description of water craft
   used as a means of transportation on the water,
   including Hovercraft, Hydrofoils, Seaplanes and
   barges.
2. POWER DRIVEN VESSEL Any vessel propelled by
   machinery.
3. COMPOSITE UNIT Special built two-part hull, when
   joined by hydraulic rams, is considered a motor
   vessel rather than a towing vessel. Acts unto
   the waves as one.
4. SAILBOAT Any vessel under sail provided that
   propelling machinery, if fitted, is NOT being
   used.

20
DEFINITIONS CONTdSEVEN CLASSES OF VESSELS

• NUC Vessel Not Under Command. Due to some
  exceptional circumstance, cannot maneuver
  according to the rules. Unable
• to keep out of the way. Highest priority of
  AVOID.
• RAM Restricted in Ability to Maneuver due to
  nature of her work. Unable to keep out of way of
  other vessels. Next highest order of AVOID.
• CBD Constrained By Draft. Cannot maneuver out of
  the way because of insufficient water Needs their
  half of channel in the middle! This designation
  exists ONLY in Inland rules. NOT in International
  rules,

21
SEVEN CLASSES OF VESSELS
4. FISHING VESSEL Engaged in fishing with nets,
lines, trawling, or other apparatus restricting
her maneuvering ability. 5. SAILBOAT Sail only
no power on. 6. POWER BOAT Propelled by
machinery 7. SUBMARINES, HOVERCRAFT in the
displacement mode, SEAPLANES, etc. Just remember
New Reels Catch Fish So Purchase Some. Also known
as the General PECKING ORDER or order of
precedence.
22
LOOKOUT RULE
DEFINITION A person assigned to do NOTHING
except be an extra set of eyes for the captain.(
NO EXCEPTIONS) RULE Every vessel is required to
maintain a PROPER lookout at all times using
eyes/ears and any other means available. If a
collision occurs, the Lookout was IMPROPER! No
exceptions!
23
RISK OF COLLISION
EVERY vessel SHALL use every means, including
radar and lookout, to help in determining if
there is a risk of collision. IF THERE IS EVER
ANY DOUBT, THEN THERE IS A RISK. If there was a
collision, there must have been a risk! A risk
exists if the bearing of an approaching vessel
does not appreciably change. In cases of large
vessels or vessels close by even a large bearing
change does NOT guarantee that there is no risk
of collision.
24
ACTION TO AVOID COLLISION
Action SHALL be positive and made in AMPLE TIME.
Any alteration of course or speed to avoid
collision SHALL be large enough to be understood
by another vessel observing visually or by radar.
Small course and speed changes should be avoided
for that reason. Any action to avoid a collision
MUST NOT result in another close quarters
situation.Close quarter situations should always
be avoided. Perhaps a course change alone will
do. This rule allows a stand-on vessel to
consider the hazards of holding course and speed.
However, if the SO departs, they are still liable
for breaking the rule of NOT holding course and
speed. You get to explain what happened!
25
POWER VESSELS LIGHTS UNDERWAY
STANDARD RUNNING LIGHTS. SIDE LIGHTS AND STERN
LIGHT. Vessels less than 12M may, instead of
other lights, exhibit an all-round white light
and side lights ( as most of the small boats you
see daily). The all round white light is really a
masthead light and the stern light, combined. The
7/7 rule Vessels less than 7 M in length with
max speeds of 7 kts. May show just an all round
white light and only if practicable, side lights.
26
ROW BOATS AND THE 7/7 RULE
A vessel under OARS, may exhibit the lights
prescribed in the rules for sailing vessels or
SHALL SHOW A LIGHTED LANTERN in sufficient time
to prevent a collision. Vessels less than 7
meters in length with a max attainable speed of 7
knots may show just one all round white light. If
practicable, side lights.
27
TOWING/PUSHING LIGHTS
Powerboat, when working as a tow or pushing One
additional masthead light. When towing a tow
greater than 200M( called a LONG TOW still
another additional MH light. A tow 200M or less
is called a SHORT TOW. There is no light for a
short tow. Example 120M tow boat with a 250M tow
behind 4 MH vertically Two MH lights for power
vessels more than 50M in length, 1 MH light for
working as a tow boat and 1 for towing a tow in
excess of 200 meters. Four is the maximum number
of masthead lights you will ever see.
28
TOWING/PUSHING LIGHTS
In addition to the Masthead and side lights,
power vessels towing on a hawser will show the
YELLOW TOWING LIGHT above the white stern light.
YELLOW OVER WHITE, MY HAWSERs TIGHT! When
PUSHING ahead or towing alongside, the white
sternlight is out and TWO YELLOW TOWING LIGHTS
will be shown, one over the other. YELLOW OVER
YELLOW, IM A PUSHING OR HIPTOWING FELLOW!
29
KINDS OF LIGHTS

• THERE ARE THREE KINDS OF NIGHT LIGHTS
• Running lights Tells the world you are underway
  and running side lights, stern light and
  masthead light.
• Working lights Tells the world how big you are
  and how you are working Masthead lights, towing
  lights
• Identification lights Tells the world who you
  are NUC, RAM, FISH, SAIL, etc.

30
IDENTIFICATION LIGHTS
PRIMARY COLORS RED, WHITE, GREEN. Flown from
As high on the foremast as possible or on a
yard. NUC Not Under Command RED OVER RED (The
Captains Dead) RAM RED OVER WHITE OVER RED. Do
Not Pass side Red over Red. Pass side Green over
Green. TRAWLER GREEN OVER WHITESHRIMPING AT
NIGHT FISH RED OVER WHITE FISING AT NIGHT PILOT
BOAT WHITE OVER RED PILOT AHEAD CBD THREE REDS
IN A ROW No room below SAIL RED OVER GREEN A
SAILING MACHINE
31
SOUND SIGNALS
Whenever it becomes necessary to signal another
vessel of your intended course changes or that
you are going to make them, they are communicated
by a WHISTLE, HORN OR LIGHT in a series of dots
and dashes. DOT one short blast by whistle or
light of one second duration DASH one PROLONGED
BLAST by whistle or light OF 4-6 SECOND
DURATION. NOTE there is no such thing as a
LONG BLAST! No matter where you hear it or who
says it!
32
SOUND and LIGHT SIGNALS
Vessels less than 12 meters do NOT REQUIRE either
a whistle or a bell, but this does NOT relieve
the vessel from having this equipment or some
other means of making an efficient sound
signal.
33
ACTION/WARNING SIGNALS

• One short blast You are going to
  turn your boat to your right
• ? ? Two short blastsYou are going to turn
  your boat to the left
• ? ? ? Three short blasts I AM
  OPERATING ASTERN PROPULSION
• ? ? ? ? ? Five or more short blasts The
  International DANGER or DOUBT signal.
• ??? Four Shorts Reserved for the PILOT BOAT
  ONLY! It says I am a PILOT BOAT Stay away!

?
34
HOW THEY ARE INTERPRETED
ONE SHORT BLAST (In sight of other vessel)
Inland Rules I INTEND TO LEAVE YOU ON MY PORT
SIDE. Requires CONSENT and REPLY. Same signal as
sent. International Rules ( OPEN WATER) I AM
ALTERING COURSE TO STARBOARD. No Reply or
consent required in open water. Clear the area
and GO! Note Draw a diagram of this maneuver.
Look at the maneuver relative to another boat and
the literal interpretation. Its just common
sense.
35
INTERPRETATION OF SOUND SIGNALS
SIGNAL TWO SHORT BLASTS INLAND WATERS I
INTEND TO LEAVE YOU ON MY STARBOARD SIDE. CONSENT
AND REPLY Same signal sent. INTERNATIONAL
WATERS I am altering course to Port. CONSENT AND
REPLY (None in open water) None Clear the area
and GO!
36
INTERPRETATION
THREE SHORTS I am operating ASTERN
PROPULSION. This is NOT an action signal and
requires no consent or reply. NOTICE Do not read
anything into this statement.This does NOT say he
is backing down or that he has specific motion of
any kind. Small boats react almost immediately to
power applications. Large vessels must overcome
inertia before they actually begin to move. It is
more apparent when a large vessel is in normal
cruise and then needs to stop. It may take
several to many hours of max power in astern
propulsion, for the large vessel to even begin to
slow down, much less stop.
37
ASTERN PROPULSION
38
SAFE SPEED
CONSIDERATIONS Visibility Traffic Your vessels
maneuverability Weather situation Wind, sea,
current IS ALWAYS A JUDGEMENT CAL L
39
MEETING CROSSING - OVERTAKING
Underway, a vessel is ALWAYS in one of three
configurations MEETING, CROSSING or
OVERTAKING MEETING BOW TO BOW.At night Both
side lights of the other vessel are
visible. CROSSING Only one side of other vessel
is in view. Nighttime, only one sidelight is in
view. OVERTAKING Approaching from more than 2
points abaft the beam, either side. Night lights
of the running lights, only the stern light of
the other vessel will be visible.
40
MEETING
41
MEETINGPASSING PORT TO PORT
One short blast each
42
NORMAL PASSING
43
CROSSING
44
OVERTAKING
GIVE WAY VESSEL
45
DANGER ZONE

1. EVERY VESSEL HAS A DANGER ZONE WHICH EXTENDS FROM
   DEAD AHEAD TO 2 POINTS ABAFT THE BEAM ON THE
   STARBOARD SIDE ONLY.
2. ANY VESSEL ENTERING YOUR DANGER ZONE, no matter
   how, AUTOMATICALLY BECOMES THE STANDON VESSEL..
   While such, he must hold his course and speed at
   all times.
3. At the same time, your vessel automatically
   becomes the GIVEWAY VESSEL and must stay out of
   the way of the STAND ON vessel at all times.
4. The STAND ON GIVE WAY situation results from
   VESSEL INTERACTION with other
   vessels only.

46
ANCHORED SIGNALS IN FOG

1. Vessels less than 100 meters Rapid ringing of
   the Bell for 5 seconds.
2. Vessels 100 meters or more Rapid ringing of the
   Bell forward, then rapid sounding of the GONG
   from the aft. Each for 5 seconds.
3. Signals to be repeated in intervals of NOT LESS
   THAN one minute.
4. Can supplement regular sound signal with SHORT
   PROLONGED SHORT BLASTS Which say..ships
   position stationary!
5. For the PILOT BOAT four shorts AFTER THE BELL
   SIGNALS.

47
AGROUND SIGNALS IN FOG
SAME SIGNALS AS ANCHORED, EXCEPT ADD THREE STRONG
CLAPS ON THE BELL BEFORE AND AFTER THE RAPID
RINGING OF THE BELL. The three strong claps on
the bell DO NOT go with the GONGOnly on the
Bell! Sound the GONG the same as if you were
anchored. Repeat interval is also NOT LESS THAN
one minute. SPECIAL NOTE Care must be taken NOT
to sound a bell too frequently, so as to make it
sound like a continuous signal. ANY CONTINUOUS
SOUND SIGNAL IS CONSIDERED TO BE AN INTERNATIONAL
DISTRESS SIGNAL.
48
DAY SHAPES
Day shapes are BLACK in color and vary in size.
They are either Balls, Diamonds or Triangles
except for one Basket and one Cylinder. They are
flown when needed from the highest point or yard
where they can be readily seen. ANCHORED One
Black ball fits all. NUC Two black balls, one
over the other AGROUND Three black balls
vertically MINE SWEEPER Three black balls in a
triangle RAM Ball Diamond Ball vertically.
Two black diamonds vertically on the pass side.
Two black balls on the no-pass side, vertically.
49
DAY SHAPES CONTD
LONG TOW( more than 200 M) Single black
diamond SHORT TOW NONE SAIL UNDER POWER Single
black triangle with the apex DOWN GEAR EXTENDED
150M Single black triangle on its base.
FISHING/TRAWLING Two black triangles, base to
- base (hour glass) FISH LESS THAN 20 M Basket
painted black(or any color) CBD Single black
cylinder. PILOT BOAT NONE
50
NIGHT LIGHTS
IDENTIFICATION LIGHTS may be red, green or white
and are ALL ROUND, 360 DEGREE LIGHTS. NAVIGATION
OR RUNNING LIGHTS ARE SHIELDED either white, red
or green. WARNING LIGHTS may be red or blue or
yellow or amber, all round or shielded and fixed
or flashing.
51
ANCHOR - DAY
52
ANCHOR - NIGHT
53
NIGHT ANCHOR - gt 50 m
54
VESSEL NUC - DAY
55
NOT UNDER COMMAND - NIGHT
56
AGROUND lt50M - DAY
57
AGROUND lt50m - NIGHT
58
AGROUND 50M - NIGHT
59
CLASSIC MINESWEEPER - DAY
60
MINESWEEPER - NIGHT
61
VESSEL RAM ( NO RESTRICTIONS TO PASS)
62
RAM - NIGHT
63
RAM DO NOT PASS TO STARBOARD
64
RAM DO NOT PASS TO STARBOARD
65
LESS THAN 50M TOWING SHORT TOW - NIGHT
66
LONG TOW gt200m DAY
67
LONG TOW - NIGHT
68
SAIL UNDER POWER - DAY
NOTE TRIANGLE POINTING TO DECK
69
SAIL - NIGHT
70
FISHING - GEAR OUT gt 150m - DAY
71
FISHING GEAR OUT gt150M - NIGHT
72
FISHING/TRAWLING DAY20M OR MORE IN LENGTH
73
FISHING - NIGHT
74
TRAWLING - NIGHT
75
CBD - DAY
76
CBD - NIGHT
77
PILOT BOAT - DAY
NO DAY SHAPE
78
PILOT BOAT - NIGHT
79
COMPOSITE - NIGHT
80
HOVERCRAFT - NIGHTDISPLACEMENT MODE
81
SUB NIGHTYELLOW LIGHT
82
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 1

• Under the Inland Rules, two power driven vessels
  meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal
  headings as to involve risk of collision, shall,
  at a distance within half a mile of each other
  signal to pass each other with_____ .
• a. one short blast to mean I intend to leave you
  on my port side.
• b. two short blasts to mean I intend to leave
  you on my starboard side.
• c. three short blasts to meanstay as you are do
  not alter course or speed.
• d. One short blast and one prolonged blast to
  mean which way will you
• alter course?

83
REVIEW QUESTIONS

• Under the Inland Navigation Rules Act of 1980,
  two power driven vessels on a reciprocal or
  nearly reciprocal headings so as to involve the
  risk of collision, shall at a distance within
  half a mile of each other signal to pass each
  other with_______
• One short blast to mean I intend to leave you on
  my
• port. side.

84
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 2
2. Risk of collision can be ascertained by
carefully watching the compass bearing of an
approaching vessel. Such risk should be
considered to exist if_______________ a. the
bearing remains constant b. the bearing draws
rapidly aft c. the bearing draws rapidly
foreword d. the bearing in terms of the angular
measurement from your bow peak is rapidly
increasing.
85
REVIEW QUESTIONS
2. Risk of collision can be ascertained by
carefully watching the compass bearing of an
approaching vessel. Such risk should be
considered to exist if_______________________ a.
the bearing remains constant.
86
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 3
3. Which of the following factors shall be taken
into account when determining safe speed? a.
vessels fuel consumption b. vessels
maneuverability c. vessels top speed d.
vessels length
87
REVIEW QUESTIONS
3. Which of the following factors should be taken
into account when determining safe speed? b.
vessels maneuverability
88
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 4
4. The 1980 Inland Navigation Rules and the
International Rules define a power driven
vessel as_________ a. any vessel propelled by
machinery b. documented vessels only c. a
sailing vessel provided with propelling
machinery that is not being used d. large
seagoing vessels only
89
REVIEW QUESTIONS
4. The 1980 Inland Navigation Rules and the
International Rules define a power
driven vessel as _______________ a. any vessel
propelled by machinery
90
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 5
5. In an overtaking situation, which of the
following statements is NOT correct? a. A
vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when
coming up with another vessel from a
direction more than 22 ½ degrees abaft the
beam. b. A vessel shall be deemed to be
overtaking, if in such a position to the
other vessel that at night, it is able to see one
of the sidelights of that other vessel. c.
Any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of
the way of the vessel being overtaken. d.
When a vessel is in doubt as to whether it is
overtaking another, it shall assume that
this is the case and act accordingly.
91
REVIEW QUESTIONS
5. In an overtaking situation, which of the
following statements is NOT true? b. A vessel
shall be deemed to be overtaking, if in such
a position to the other vessel that at night,
it is possible to see one of the sidelights of
that other vessel.
92
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 6
6. The 1980 Inland Navigation Rules state, that
in a crossing situation_________ a. on a river,
the power driven vessel ascending or
descending the river shall keep out of the way of
a vessel crossing the river. b. the vessel
which has the other on its starboard side
shall keep out of the way and shall, if the
circumstances of the case admit, avoid
crossing ahead of the other vessel. c. the
vessel which has the other on its starboard side
shall maintain course and speed. d. both
vessels can maneuver in any manner desired.
93
REVIEW QUESTIONS
6. The Inland Navigation Rules state, that in a
crossing situation_________ b. the vessel which
has the other on its starboard side shall
keep out of the way and shall, if the
circumstances of the case admit, avoid
crossing ahead of the other vessel.
94
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 7
7. Under the 1980 Inland Navigational Rules and
the International Rules, while in fog you hear a
ships bell being rung rapidly for about 5
seconds at intervals of not more than 1 minute,
the vessel you hear is probably _________________.
a. towing another vessel b. aground c.
pushing another vessel d. anchored
95
REVIEW QUESTIONS
7. Under the 1980 Inland Rules and International
Rules, while in fog you hear a ships bell being
rung rapidly for about 5 seconds at intervals of
not more than 1 minute, the vessel you hear is
probably___________ d. anchored
96
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 8
8. Under the International Rules and the 1980
Inland Navigational Rules, a vessel under oars
_______ a. shall exhibit only a stern light b.
shall exhibit only a bow light d. shall exhibit
only combination lights d. may exhibit the
lights prescribe in the rules for sailing
vessels or shall show a lighted lantern in
sufficient time to prevent collision.
97
REVIEW QUESTIONS
8. Under the International Rules and the 1980
Inland Navigational Rules, a vessel under
oars_______________ d. may exhibit the lights
prescribed in the rules for sailing vessels
or shall show a lighted lantern in
sufficient time to prevent collision.
98
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 9
9. Side lights are defined as________________ a
. a green light on the starboard side and red
light on the port side. b. any colored
light displayed on the side of a vessel c.
lights at the side of a vessel which can only be
seen when approaching the side of the
vessel. d. a red light on the starboard side and
green light on the port side.
99
REVIEW QUESTIONS
9. Side lights are defined as___________ a. a
green light on the starboard side and red light
on the port side.
100
REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 10
10. The prescribed whistle signal for the Pilot
Boat is__________ a. one short blast b. two
short blasts c. three short blasts d. four
short blasts
101
REVIEW QUESTIONS
10. The prescribed whistle signal for the Pilot
Boat is_______ d. four short blasts
102
END CHAPTER 8