Basic Seamanship

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Basic Seamanship
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Class Objectives

• Explain the purpose and characteristics of deck
  seamanship equipment.
• Understand Naval Terms and how they relate to the
  structure of Navy ships.
• Explain personal actions taken if you see a
  person fall overboard.

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Deck Seamanship Equipment

• Pier
• Mooring Lines
• Bollards
• Bitts
• Chocks
• Rat guards
• Cleats
• Fenders

• Lifelines
• Anchor
• Hawsepipe
• Anchor Chain
• Anchor Windlass
• Brow
• Accommodation Ladder

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Pier
A structure extending from land out into the
water that provides a mooring for ships.
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Mooring Lines

• Are used to secured ship to a pier or another
  ship
• When a ship is moored it can be
• Made fast to a mooring buoy.
• Secured to a pier or another ship with mooring
  lines.

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Bollard
Post on a pier, over which the ships mooring
line is placed.
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Bitts

• A pair of metal posts on the deck of the ship.
• Used mainly to belay (secure) the mooring lines.

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Chocks

• Fittings on the deck of a ship, through which
  mooring lines are led. Three Types are
• Open open at the top.
• Closed closed by an arch of metal across the
  top.
• Roller contains rollers to reduce friction.

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Seamanship Fact
When a ship is moored, mooring lines run from
the bits on the deck, through the chocks, and out
to the pier.
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Rat Guards
Metal disks that are secured to a mooring line
to prevent rats from traveling onto the ship on
the mooring lines.
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Cleats
Pair of projecting horns, used for belaying line
or wire.
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Fenders
Cushioning devices used to prevent contact with
the ship and pier or another ship.
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Lifelines
Used to prevent personnel from falling overboard.
Safety Note Never Lean on Lifelines!
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Anchor
A device, dropped by chain, used to prevent or
restrict the motion of the ship. Weight may
vary from 30 pounds
to 30 tons.
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Hawespipe
Guides the anchor chain through the deck and out
the side of the ship.
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Anchor Chain

• Metal links that connect the anchor to the ship.
• Links are connected to make up a shot of chain.
• One shot is 15 fathoms long. (1 fathom 6
  feet)
• Safety notes
• Next to last shot is painted yellow
• Final shot is painted red
• NEVER step over the anchor chain

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Anchor Windlass
A mechanical system used to raise the ships
anchor and to handle lines or wires.
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Vertical Windlass

• Used on combatant ships.
• Has capstan for handling lines/wires.

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Horizontal Windlass

• Used on amphibious and auxiliary ships.
• Has gypsy heads for handling lines/wires.

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Brow
A ramp between ships or between a ship and a pier
that gives personnel access to the ship.
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Accommodation Ladder
A flight of steps rigged and lowered from a ship
to provide access to a small boat or pier.
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Navy Ship Structure Terms

• Keel
• Hull
• Weather Deck
• Fantail
• Forecastle
• Bridge
• Bow
• Stern
• Centerline

• Port
• Starboard
• Inboard
• Waterline
• Freeboard
• Draft
• Trim
• List
• Quarterdeck

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Keel
Keel Backbone of the ship.
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Hull
Hull The outer skin of the ship
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Weather Deck
Weather Deck - Any deck exposed to the elements.
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Fantail
Fantail The after end of the main deck.
Fantail
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Forecastle
Forecastle (pronounced focsle) The forward
end of the main deck.
Fantail
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Bridge
Bridge A space in the ships superstructure
from where personnel command the ship.
Fantail
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Bridge
Bridge Also the underway watch station for the
Officer of the Deck.
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Shipboard Points of Reference
Port
Bow
Stern
Starboard
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Bow
The forward most part of the ship
Bow
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Stern
The after most part of the ship
Stern
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Centerline
An imaginary line running from bow to stern
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Port
Port
Left of the centerline when facing forward
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Starboard
Right of the centerline when facing forward
Starboard
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Outboard
Toward the side of the ship
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Inboard
Toward the ships centerline
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Stability Terms
Waterline The water level along the hull of the
ship. Freeboard The distance from the waterline
to the weather deck. Draft The distance from
the keel to the waterline, measured by draft
markings located at the bow and stern of the ship.
Freeboard
Waterline
Draft
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Stability Terms
Trim The relationship between fore and aft
draft.
Trim
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Stability Terms
List Port or starboard incline of a vessel.
The ships lean to one side.
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Quarterdeck

• Location designated by the Commanding Officer as
  a place to carry out official business.
• The in-port watch station for the Officer of the
  Deck (OOD).

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Man Overboard Procedures

• Immediately sound the alarm.
• Man overboard, port (or starboard) side!
• Anyone can sound the alarm.

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Man Overboard Procedures

• Point directly at the man overboard.
• Continue pointing until the bridge has them in
  sight.

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Man Overboard Procedures

• Drop a life ring or life jacket in the water, if
  possible.
• Keep the person in sight!

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Man Overboard Procedures

• OOD will maneuver ship to a recovery position as
  general alarm is sounded.
• Signal is six or more short blasts on the ships
  whistle.
• Signalman will hoist the Oscar flag.

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Summary Review

• Explain the purpose and characteristics of deck
  seamanship equipment.
• Understand Naval Terms and how they relate to the
  structure of Navy ships.
• Explain personal actions taken if you see a
  person fall overboard.

47
Deck Seamanship Equipment

• Pier
• Mooring Lines
• Bollards
• Bitts
• Chocks
• Rat guards
• Cleats
• Fenders

• Lifelines
• Anchor
• Hawsepipe
• Anchor Chain
• Anchor Windlass
• Brow
• Accommodation Ladder

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Navy Ship Structure Terms

• Keel
• Hull
• Weather Deck
• Fantail
• Forecastle
• Bridge
• Bow
• Stern
• Centerline

• Port
• Starboard
• Inboard
• Waterline
• Freeboard
• Draft
• Trim
• List
• Quarterdeck

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Questions???