??propagation: ???????????

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??? ?????
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??? ?????

• ???????
• ??propagation ???????????
• ??reproduction ?????????????
• ???????
• ??????vegetative propagation?????asexual
  reproduction ?????sexual reproduction??????

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• ???????
• ????????????(????)??????????????????????
  ??,????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????

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2. ??????? ???????spore reproduction???????
?????,???????????---??spore,?????????????????
??spore???????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????,???????????????????
????????????? ????????????????,????????????
???????????
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• ????(?????)
• asexual reproduction)

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• ???????
• ????????????????????????????????????????
  ?gamete,??????????zygote,?????????
• ????????????,??????????????????????????
  ??
• 3.1 ????isogamy????????????????????????,?????????
  ????,???????????????????????????

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3.2 ????heterogamy?????????????,???????,???????,?
???????,?????????????????????????????pandorina? 3.
3 ????oogamy??????????,?????????????????,???????e
gg,????????sperm,??????????fertilization???????fer
tilized egg,????????????????????????
?????????????????????????
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4. ??????????? ???life history???????life
cycle,????????????????,???????????,???????????????
????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????,????????,????????,?????????
???gametophyte???????????,??????,??????? ???sporo
phyte???????????,??????,???????
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?????(????)
?????(????)
??
????
???
???
??
??
??
????
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???????????????,???????? ???????????????,???????
? ????alternationof generation??????????,????????
??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????
?????????????,???????????????
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