The 8051 Microcontroller

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The 8051 Microcontroller

• Chapter 9
• TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

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THE DEVELOPMENT CYCLE

• Software Development
• Hardware Development
• Proceeding from concept to product - development
  cycle.
• Debugging is needed at every step in the
  development cycle.
• Additional activities manufacturing, testing,
  distribution and marketing.

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Software Development

• Specifying software is the task of explicitly
  stating what the software will do
• Software specification may also address details
  like internal condition necessary for normal
  operation
• Designing software two common techniques for
  designing software prior to coding, flowcharts
  and pseudo code
• Editing and translation - assemble-time errors
• Preliminary testing
• Run-time error
• Debugger, breakpoint, single-stepping

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Hardware Development

• Specifying hardware
• Designing hardware, cad software
• Building the prototype
• Preliminary testing visual checks, continuity
  checks, DC and AC measurements

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INTEGRATION AND VERIFICATION

• We have the need for a full complement of
  hardware (pc development system, target system,
  power supply, cables) and software (monitor
  program, operating system, )
• Assembler, linker/locator
• Cross-compiler
• Librarian

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Software Simulation

• A simulator is a program that executes on the
  development system and imitates the architecture
  of the target machine

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Hardware Emulation

• A direct connection between the development
  system and the target system is possible through
  a hardware emulator
• The main drawback of hardware emulators is cost

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Execution from RAM

• If the target system contains external ram
  configuration to overlap the external code space,
  then the absolute object program can be
  transferred or downloaded from the development
  system to the target system and executed in the
  target system Intel Hexadecimal Format
• Object files contain binary codes, so they cannot
  be displayed or printed
• Intel Hexadecimal Format is standard for storing
  machine language programs in a displayable or
  printable format

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• Conversion programs are available that receive an
  absolute object program as input, convert the
  machine language bytes to Intel hexadecimal
  format , and generate a hex file as output
• Intel conversion utility is called OH

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Execution from EPROM

• Firmware software
• The 8751 is the EPROM version of the 8051
• 2764 is general-purpose EPROM

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The Factory Mask Process

• If a final design is designated for mass
  production, then a cost-effective alternative to
  EPROM is a factory mask ROM, such as the 8051
• The 8051 VS the 8751
• Code memory can not be changed on an 8051
• The 8751 is largely economic

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• A factory mask device is cheaper than the EPROM
  device
• A production run of 250 units or more would
  justify the use of the 8051 over the 8751
• 8051 VS 8031 2764
• Mathematically a production run of 1000 units
  would not justify use of the 8051, but
  combination 80312764 requires two ICs instead of
  one

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COMMANDS AND ENVIRONMENTS

• The central environment is the operating system
  on the host system
• Resident commands
• Transient commands
• Switching environments
• The basic operation of commands is to
  translate, view or evoke

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