Industrial Temperature Controller using Microcontroller

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Industrial Temperature Controller
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Industrial Temperature Controller
Introduction

• We can achieve speed control of DC motor using
  mechanical or electrical techniques but they
  require large size hardware to implement but
  Microcontroller based system provides easy way to
  control the speed of DC motor. The speed of DC
  motor is directly proportional to the voltage
  applied across its terminals. Hence, if voltage
  across motor terminal is varied, then speed can
  also be varied. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) wave
  can be used to control the speed of the motor

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Industrial Temperature Controller
Block Diagram
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Industrial Temperature Controller
Hardware Requirements

• 8051 series Microcontroller
• 7-Segment Displays
• Temperature Sensor
• Transformer
• Crystal
• Diodes
• Voltage Regulator
• LED
• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Push Buttons
• Relay
• Lamp

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Industrial Temperature Controller
Software Requirements

• Keil compiler
• Language Embedded C or Assembly

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Industrial Temperature Controller
Micro Controller

• Compatible with MCS-51 Products
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash
  Memory
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Crystal Frequency 11.0592MHZ
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
• Watchdog Timer

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Industrial Temperature Controller
PWM Plus Width Modulation

• The PWM switching frequency has to be much faster
  than what would affect the load, which is to say
  the device that uses the power.
• The term duty cycle describes the proportion of
  on time to the regular interval or period of
  time.
• A low duty cycle corresponds to low power,
  because the power is off for most of the time.
  Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100 being
  fully on.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
PWM Application

• Telecommunications
• Power delivery
• Voltage regulation
• Audio effects and amplification.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
DC- MOTOR

• A DC motor is an electric motor that runs on
  direct current (DC) electricity. In any electric
  motor, operation is based on simple
  electromagnetism.
• A simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red
  represents a magnet or winding with a "North"
  polarization, while green represents a magnet or
  winding with a "South" polarization).
• Every DC motor has six basic parts -- axle, rotor
  (a.k.a., armature), stator, commutator, field
  magnet(s), and brushes.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
How to Operate PWM based DC Motor Speed Control
Circuit using Microcontroller?

• Connect 12V battery or adaptor to the development
  board.
• Switch on the supply.
• Keep the programming switch in prgm mode.
• Burn hex file to the atmega8 controller with the
  help of serial cable.
• Now switch off the supply.
• Connect PC0, PC1 pins of controller to the
  switches.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
How to Operate PWM based DC Motor Speed Control
Circuit using Microcontroller?

• Connect PB3 pin to the DC motor.
• Now switch on the supply and press switch sw1 and
  observe motor. It runs with full speed.
• If you press switch sw2 motor runs with half
  speed.
• Switch off the supply.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
PWM Based DC Motor Speed Control using
Microcontroller Circuit Principle

• The Principle to control the speed of the motor
  by varying the duty cycle of the pulse applied to
  it (popularly known as PWM control). 
• It uses two input buttons interfaced to the
  microcontroller, which are used to control the
  speed of motor.
• PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is generated at the
  output by the microcontroller as per the program.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
PWM Based DC Motor Speed Control using
Microcontroller Circuit Principle

• The average voltage given or the average current
  flowing through the motor will change depending
  on the duty cycle (ON and OFF time of the
  pulses).
•  So the speed of the motor will change.
• A motor driver IC is interfaced to the
  microcontroller for receiving PWM signals.
• It delivers desired output for speed control
  system of a small DC motor.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
Advantages

• Using this PWM method, we can save the power.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
Applications

• Used in industries to control the speed of
  motors.
• Used in shopping malls.
• We can use this concept to control the light
  intensity.

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Industrial Temperature Controller
Conclusion

• This practical temperature controller controls
  the temperature of any device according to its
  requirement for any industrial application. It
  also displays the temperature on an LCD displays
  in the range of 55C to 125C. At the heart of
  the circuit is the microcontroller from 8051
  family which controls all its functions.

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