1960s-1970s%20Anti-war%20movement%20to%20the%20

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1960s-1970sAnti-war movement to the Me Decade.
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The My Lai Massacre - Vietnam

• 175-400 innocent civilians were killed in the
  massacre.
• Journalists documented the event.
• People at home in the US saw this and believed
  war was terribly wrong, and something needed to
  be done!

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Student Protest

• Students in the 1960s demonstrated in support of
  free speech and other issues and protested
  against the Vietnam War.

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Pentagon Papers

• The Pentagon Papers was a study conducted by the
  New York Times that revealed that the government
  had lied to congress and the American people
  about the war.
• This shocked the public.

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Student Activism

• College students were at the forefront of the
  antiwar movement.
• During the early 1960s many more students started
  going to college after graduating high school.

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Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)

• Civil rights activists help organize Students for
  a Democratic Society (SDS) in 1960.
• This group started small, but grew they became a
  huge influence in the anti-war movement.

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The NEW LEFT

• The SDS a major influence on a group called the
  New Left.
• Members of the New Left called for radical
  changes in government, and wanted to end
  discrimination, racism, sexism and poverty.

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Free Speech Movement

• Students at UC Berkeley became angry when they
  were denied the right to distribute leaflets
  outside of the campus gates.
• Students argued that their right to free speech
  was being denied.

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• On December 2, 1964, thousands of students took
  over Sproul Hall and shut down the university
  administration.
• Police moved in and arrested more than 700
  people.
• Students then stopped going to class to protest
  the administrations decision.

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Teach-in Movement

• Teach-in-First took place at the University of
  Michigan in 1965. Professors taught a special
  night class in which issues about the war could
  be aired.
• Thousands of people showed up and similar
  teach-ins started occurring around the country.

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Resistance to War

• There was a draft, or required military service.
  People started refusing to go into the
  military/war.
• Conscientious Objectors-People opposed fighting
  in the war on moral or religious reasons.
• Deferment-college students could go to college
  and postpone their call to serve.

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Columbia University 1968

• Students linked the issues of civil rights to the
  war. Students took over the presidents office.
  They were arrested for their actions.
• Many radical protests grew violent as the 60s
  moved on.

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Kent State and Jackson State

• The invasion of Cambodia in 1970 reignited the
  protests on college campuses.
• At Kent State after one of Nixons speeches,
  students broke windows in the business district
  and also burned the ROTC building (which had
  become a symbol of the war).

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The National Guard was called in to stop the Kent
State protests. They ended up killing 4 students.
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Kent State and Jackson State

• A similar incident occurred at Jackson State (an
  all black college in the south). Violence
  erupted and 2 students were dead and 11 wounded.

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Counterculture Movement

• As a result of protest against the Vietnam war,
  the civil rights and womens rights movements, a
  counterculture movement emerged.
• The 1960s youth culture promoted freedom and
  individuality. Its new attitudes about personal
  relationships, drugs, and music shocked many
  Americans.

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Counterculture

• People of the counterculture rejected most
  traditional social customs. They experimented
  with new forms of dress, different attitudes
  towards sexual relationships, and the
  recreational use of drugs.

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• Hippies or people who wanted to look hip, or
  aware of the latest styles-wanted to look
  different.
• Some women wore loose fitting clothes and
  dresses, while other wore tight mini skirts.
• Men often grew their hair long and wore beards.
• People wore blue jeans (bell-bottoms) and plain
  tee shirts to look more natural.

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Sexual Revolution

• Views about sexual relationships by the
  counterculture were labeled the sexual
  revolution.
• This led to more open conversations about sex in
  light of newspapers, magazines and books.
• Many people began living together and not getting
  married, which was shocking in comparison to the
  times before

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Drug- 1960s

• Two Harvard University researchers worked on the
  chemical compound known as lysergic acid
  diethylamide (LSD). LSD is a psychedelic drug.
• Soldiers brought back drugs from Vietnam, and
  marijuana became common among middle class
  college students.

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Music

• Woodstock Festival-400,000 people gathered for
  several days in up state New York to listen to
  major bands of the time. Drug laws were not
  enforced. And the crowd remained in control.
• Some members of society viewed the festival with
  disgust. Older people resented the
  hippie-counterculture.

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1970s

• As the 1960s proceeded and became the 1970s, the
  Vietnam War dragged on.
• Student activism continued
• Music changed from rock to disco
• Drugs changed from psychedelics (pot, LSD) to
  crank and cocaine.
• The 1970s is known as the Me Decade

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