Text Structures

1
Text Structures

• Informational Text

2
What are text structures?

• Different types of informational passages have
  different text structures.
• Text structures are organizational patterns.
• Authors use certain text structures to help their
  audience better understand the information
  presented.

3
What are the types of informational text
structures?

• The most common are CAUSE AND EFFECT,
  COMPARE/CONTRAST, PROBLEM AND SOLUTION, and
  CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER.

4
CAUSE AND EFFECTCharacteristics

• describes a reason and its effect(s)

5
CAUSE AND EFFECT signal words/phrases

• Effect
• As a result
• Because
• Consequently
• For this reason
• Ifthen
• Since
• Therefore

6
COMPARE/CONTRASTCharacteristics

• Compares and contrasts specific elements of two
  or more things

7
COMPARE/CONTRAST signal words/phrases

• Alike
• As opposed to
• Different
• In common
• On the other hand
• Similar

8
PROBLEM AND SOLUTION Characteristics

• Describes a problem and its solution(s)

9
PROBLEM AND SOLUTION signal words/phrases

• Affect
• As a result
• Because
• Consequently
• For this reason
• Ifthen
• Since
• therefore

10
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER characteristics

• Sequence, or order based on time
• Chrono time

11
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER signal words/phrases

• First
• Next
• Last
• Then
• After
• Before
• Later

12
Social Studies and Science Texts

• Most texts in SOCIAL STUDIES tend to be
  structured in chronological order or cause and
  effect.
• Most texts in SCIENCE tend to be organized in
  problem/solution.

13
Lets Practice

• Read the following passage. Determine the text
  structure and explain how it contributes to the
  overall development of ideas.

14

• In the game of volleyball, players hit a ball
  over a long net that stretches across a court.
  There are twelve players on the court at one
  timesix players per team.
• The game of tennis is similar to volleyball in
  that a ball is hit over a long net on a court,
  but this is all the two sports have in common.
  In tennis, the ball is hit with a racquet, and
  only two or four players are on the court at one
  time.

15
Now its your turn!

• Independently read The Trouble with Television,
  p. 558 in your textbook.
• Identify the text structure, and create a
  thinking map that best represents this structure
  (add details to the thinking map based on the
  structure).
• In the frame of the map identify tone (with
  examples) authors purpose and perspective and
  a summary of the story.