CELL DIFFERENTIATION

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???? ????

• CELL DIFFERENTIATION

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• ?????????????,????
• ?????
• ?????
• ??????????
• ????(differentiation)????????????????????????

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??? ???????
4
?????????

• ????????????????
• ????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????,??????,?????????

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Fertilized ovum has totipotency
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Well differentiated plant cells keep their
totipotency
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• Strachan T, Read A 2003

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• ??????
• ??????????????
• ????????????????
• ?????????
• ??????????
• ?????????
• ????????,??????G0?
• ?????????

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• ??????????????,???????????????????
• ?????(ESC)??????????????????????????????????
• ESC???????????????????????

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?????????

• 1. ???
• ????????????(????)????(???)?????,???????????,?????
  ????
• ????????RNA??DNA?????10?
• ???????????????????????????

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• ???????????????????
• ?????????????
• Briggs?King(1952,1960),??(Rana pipiens)????
• Gurdon?(1975),???????????
• ????20??60??,??????
• Ian Wilmut(1997)??Do11y sheeep?

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• 2.???
• ??????????,?????????,????(determination)?
• ??????????????
• ??????????????????,???????????????
• ???????????????,????????????????

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• 3. ???
• ??????????,?????????,????????
• ???????????????????????,?????????????????????????
  ?????????????

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• 4. ?????
• ??????,???????????????????,????????,??????
• ?1???????
• ?2 ?????????????,??????????????????,??????????

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• 5. ???
• ???????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????,??????,?????????????,????
  ???????
• ???????????,?????????,??????????

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????????????

• ?????????????????,?????????(????)
• ???????????,???????????,??????????????
• ???????????,??????????,?????????????????,?????????
  ?

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??? ?????????
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• autonomous mechanism??????????????????????,??????
  ??
• inductive mechanism??????????????????????????????
  ????,???
• ???????????????????,?????

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???????????

• ???????,????????
• ?????????mRNA,????????,
• ??????????????????,?????????(pattern)?
• ???????????????

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• ?????D???????,?????????????????,????????
• ???????????????,?????,????????????????????????????
  ??,??????,?????(morphogen)?
• ?????????????????????

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??????

• ??(induction)??????????????????????,???????
• ?????????????????(inductor),???????????????????,??
  ??????
• ???????????????????

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??????

• ?????????????,??????????????????????????????,???
  ???????????
• ?? ?TGF-ß??????? myostatin???????????,
  GDF11(Wu?2003)????????????p27?????????

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Double-muscled mouse
Mouse myostatin mutant (right)
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Function of the myostain
The so called chalone is the protein belonging to
TGF-ß family, such as myostain
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Belgian Blue bullDouble-muscled cattle
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????????

• ?1. ?????????????,????????,???8??????,????????????
  ??,?????????
• ?2. Fisher(1967)?????????????????,????????????50??
  ????,??????,??????????????????,????????????

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??????????

• ECM??????????????,???????(FAK),FAK????????Grb2??Ra
  s????,???????
• ????IV?????????????????I???????????????????II???
  ????????????????

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???????

• ?1. ???????????????,?????????,??????,??????????,??
  ???????
• ?2. ????????????,??????????,?????????????????,???
  ?,???????????????????,???????

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??????????

• (?)????????
• 1. ??????????????
• 2 . ????????????????rDNA?
• 3 . ?????Ig??(106108???)?
• 4 . DNA??????????????

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5. ????

• Genomic imprinting,??
• ?????,???????????????
• ?????????????
• ???????????????????
• ??????????????????,?????????????

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• ????????????????,???????CpG????????????????????H19
  ?IGF2?IGF2R?????????
• ?????????????????????????
• ?.???(hydatidiform mole)?????????(ovarian
  teratoma) ?????

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(?)???????????????

• ????????,???????????(homeotic gene,hox)?
• ????????????,?????????
• ????,Bicoid(bcd)
• ????, Nanos(nos)
• ????,Torso(tor)
• ????,?Dorsal(dl),?cactus(cat)

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• ????????????????
• ??????????,???????????????????
• ????,?????????3???????
• ????,????????????????
• ??????,???????????????,??HOX??,???????????
• HOX??,???????????????

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(No Transcript)
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• HOX???????-?-????,??????????????????
• 1)??????,?????
• 2)DNA????
• 3)???????
• 4)???????5'??????????????????,?????????
• ?????(Hoxa-13?????)???????

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HOX mutant Antenna
leg
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Bithorax mutant
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?????????

• ???????????,?????????????????????????????
• ?,?????????
• ??????????
• ??????
• ????
• ???????????????????

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??????????

• ????????????????????????????????????,??????
• ???????????????????????,????????
• ??????????,?????????

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????

• ??????????????,???????????????????
• 1. ??????????,???????
• 2.  ??????????????????
• 3.  ?????

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Class over