TODAY WE WANT TO

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TODAY WE WANT TO

• learn how to express our point of view in writing

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When do we need to write our point of view?

• Throughout our lives!
• For example
• a letter to a newspaper editor
• writing essays in university
• writing proposals and reports at work

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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers die at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??). Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
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Staging

• 1. Stance??
• Smoking is harmful to individuals in various
  ways, especially health.
• 2. Examples of sickness caused by smoking
• Smoking causes health damage, such as lung
  cancer, heart disease and brain damage. Many
  people in Hong Kong are long-term smokers. Some
  smokers die at an early age.

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• 3. Opinions??from experts??
• Doctors say that excessive smoking is a main
  reason for death because nicotine in cigarettes
  can lead to addiction. When smokers become
  addicted to nicotine, they constantly want to
  smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to
  give up.
• 4. Conclusion??
• Clearly, it is not wise for us to smoke.

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Verbs??

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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers pass away (??) at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
being verbs
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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers pass away (??) at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
doing verbs
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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers pass away (??) at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??) cigarettes. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
mental verbs
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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers pass away (??) at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??) cigarettes. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
Verbal Verb
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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers die at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??) cigarettes. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
Behaving verb
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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 L13 L14 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). They smoke several packs of cigarettes (??) a day. As a result (??), some smokers die at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes. Smokers do not realize (??) that their bodies quickly learn to depend on (??) nicotine and it is very difficult to give up (??) cigarettes. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
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No contraction??

Do not say (informal conversation??) Say (formal??)
Id I would
Its It is
Theres There is
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Nouns??
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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). Some smokers pass away (??) at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes and it is very difficult to give up (??). Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
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Nominalisation???

• brain (n.) damage (n.) ????
• Spoken sentence
• Smoking has damaged (v.) the brain. (
• Other examples
• lung cancer(??), heart disease (???), health
  damage(??), brain damage(????), excessive (???)
  smoking, addiction (??).

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In this text, the main focus is to tell facts and
give readers information.

• Subject (??) Main verb (??)
• Lets see some sentences
• L1 Smoking (??) is harmful (???) to individuals
  (??) in various (???) ways.
• L2 Smoking causes (??) health damage (??)

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• L4L5 Many people in Hong Kong are long-term
  smokers.
• L6 Doctors say the main reason for death is
  excessive (???) smoking.
• L9 Smokers do not realize (??) that their bodies
  quickly learn to depend on (??) nicotine and it
  is very difficult to give up (??). Clearly(???),
  it is not wise(???) to smoke.

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Dont start a sentence with a verb

• Please stop it xxxxx wrong!
• We are telling readers our point of views?
• Remember Subject (??) Main verb (??)

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Verbs

• L1 Smoking (??) is harmful (???) to individuals
  (??) in various (???) ways.
• L2 Smoking causes (??) health damage (??)
• L6 Doctors say the main reason for death is
  excessive (???) smoking.
• L9 Smokers do not realize (??) that their bodies
  quickly learn to depend on (??) nicotine.

Simple present???
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Write with high modality

• The simple present tense?????
• ? makes facts
• Modal verbs?????
• e.g. can??---express possibility
• must?? should??
• L7 Nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to
  (??) addiction (??).

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However

• In this text, no must or should.
• We use can??low modality verbsto express
  possibility, NOT give facts.
• L7 Nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??)
  addiction (??).

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In some of your writings

• You can never to goxxxxxx
• You must not to smokexxxxx
• Use can lead to, might lead to, could lead to

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L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 L13 L14 Smoking(??) is harmful (???) to individuals (??) in various (???) ways, especially health (??). Smoking causes(??) health damage(??), such as(??) lung cancer(??), heart disease (???)and brain damage(????). Many people in Hong Kong are long-term (???) smokers (???). They smoke several packs of cigarettes (??) a day. As a result (??), some smokers pass away (??) at an early age. Doctors say that excessive (???) smoking is a main reason for death (??) because nicotine (???) in cigarettes can lead to (??) addiction (??). When smokers become addicted to (???) nicotine, they constantly(???) want to smoke more cigarettes. Smokers do not realize (??) that their bodies quickly learn to depend on (??) nicotine and it is very difficult to give up (??) cigarettes. Clearly(???), it is not wise(???) to smoke.
General?? about smoking
Other participants/people are important
More specific ?? about people and smokers
The wording making the argument part
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Theme

• Look at the words which start the sentences
• They build up the backbone of the text

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• Can you find any I think in this writing?
• There are no I think or you think or we
  think.
• This text is impersonal because the personal
  pronouns I, we you are not found.

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• I think smoking is harmful.
• We think smoking causes disease.