Naming Compounds

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Naming Compounds
Day 2
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Lesson Review

• Name each according to IUPAC rules a)
  ZnS, b) FeCl3, c) CaCO3, d) P2O5, e) NaCN, f)
  N2F2, g) MgHPO4, h) Cu(BrO3)2, i) K2O, j) BF3
• Give the valence of a) Fe in FeO, b) Mn in MnO2
• 3. Write formulas for a) sodium oxide,
  b) potassium iodide, c) plumbic sulfide,
  d) mercury(I) oxide, e) ferrous oxide,
  f) iron(II) phosphate, g) copper(II)
  fluoride, h)
  dichlorine monoxide, i) silver sulfide,
  j) magnesium nitride, k) aluminum hypochlorite,
  l) iodine pentafluoride, m) calcium chromate,
  n) diphosphorus pentasulfide

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Answers 1, 2

1. zinc sulfide
2. iron(III) chloride
3. calcium carbonate
4. diphosporus pentoxide
5. sodium cyanide
6. dinitrogen difluoride
7. magnesium hydrogen phosphate
8. copper(II) bromate
9. potassium oxide
10. boron trifluoride

2 a) 2 b) 4
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Answers 3

1. Na2O
2. KI
3. PbS2
4. Hg2O
5. FeO
6. Fe3(PO4)2
7. CuF2

1. Cl2O
2. Ag2S
3. Mg3N2
4. Al(ClO)3
5. IF5
6. CaCrO4
7. P2S5

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Properties of Acids

• All acids start with H (e.g. HCl, H2SO4)
• 2 acid types exist binary acids and oxyacids
• Each have different naming rules.

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Naming Acids

• Binary Acids
• Contain H and one other element
• Depends on the state of the acid

To Name non-aqueous (solid or gas) Hydrogen
nonmetal change the ending to -ide
To Name aqueous (prefix) hydro- nonmetal name
(suffix) ic acid
HCl (g) hydrogen chloride H2S (g) hydrogen sulfide
HCl (aq) hydrochloric acid H2S (aq) hydrosulfuric
acid
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HBr(s) HI(aq) H2S(aq)
H2S(g)
hydrogen bromide
hydr(o)iodic acid
hydrosulfuric acid
hydrogen sulfide
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Naming Oxyacids

• Contain H, O and one more element
• Naming does not depend on the state (aq)

Steps 1) name the polyatomic ion 2) replace
-ate with ic, -ite with ous 3) change non-metal
root for easier pronunciation 4) add acid to
the name E.g. H2SO3
1) sulphite,
2) sulphous,
3) sulphurous,
4) sulphurous acid
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nitric acid nitrous acid phosphoric
acid phosphorous acid
HNO3 HNO2 H3PO4 H3PO3
H2SO4 H2SO3
sulfuric acid sulfurous acid
HClO4 HClO3 HClO2
HClO
perchloric acid chloric acid chlorous
acid hypochlorous acid
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Naming Bases

• Bases contain an OH group
• C6H12O6 does not have an OH group
• If an OH group is present it will be clearly
  indicated e.g. NaOH, Ca(OH)2
• Also notice that bases have a metal (or positive
  ion such as NH4 at their beginning)

• To name
• metal hydroxide
• Ex NaOH Sodium Hydroxide
• KOH Potassium Hydroxide

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Ca(OH)2 CuOH aluminum
hydroxide ammonium hydroxide
- calcium hydroxide - copper(I)
hydroxide - Al(OH)3 - NH4OH
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Practicing Naming Acids Bases
Formula Binary or Ternary Name
HCl
HI
HNO3
H2SO4
H3PO4
H2CO3
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Practicing Naming Acids Bases
Formula Binary or Ternary Name
HCl B Hydrochloric Acid
HI B Hydroiodic Acid
HNO3 T Nitric Acid
H2SO4 T Sulfuric Acid
H3PO4 T Phosphoric Acid
H2CO3 T Carbonic Acid
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Hydrates

• Some compounds contain H2O in their struc-ture.
  These compounds are called hydrates.
• This is different from (aq) because the H2O is
  part of the molecule (not just surrounding it).
• The H2O can usually be removed if heated.
• A dot separates water e.g. CuSO45H2O is
  copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.
• A greek prefix indicates the of H2O groups.

sodium sulfate decahydrate nickel(II) sulfate
hexahydrate Na2CO3H2O BaCl22H2O
Na2SO410H2O NiSO46H2O sodium carbonate
monohydrate barium chloride dihydrate