Cell Communication (Chpt. 11)

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Cell Communication (Chpt. 11)

• Chapter 11

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Overview of Cell Signaling

• Signaling evolved early in history of life
• Communicating cells may be close together or far
  apart
• 3 stages of signaling are reception,
  transduction, and response

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Communicating cells
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Signal Reception and the Initiation of
Transduction

• A signal molecule binds to a receptor protein,
  causing the protein to change shape
• Most signal receptors are plasma membrane proteins

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Signal Transduction Pathways

• Pathways relay signals from receptors to cellular
  responses
• Protein phosphorylation, is a major mechanism of
  signal transduction
• Certain small molecules and ions are key
  components of signaling pathways (second
  messengers)

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Cellular Responses to Signals

• In response to a signal, a cell may regulate
  activities in the cytoplasm or transcription in
  the nucleus
• Elaborate pathways amplify and specify the cells
  response to signals

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